The role of physical activity in prevention and treatment of peripheral vascular disorders

Abstract

Peripheral vascular diseases constitute one of the most significant medical and social problems. Physiotherapy plays an important role among and in addition to various treatment modalities. Physiotherapy for vascular disorders applied in vessel disease treatment primarily consists of reasonable and regular exercises and activities, and selected physical procedures. The review paper presents current data concerning the most commonly applied exercises and physical procedures in selected peripheral vascular diseases.

Neurovascular Dysfunction in Diverse Communities With Health Disparities—Contributions to Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Individuals with higher levels of physical activity present with decreased cognitive decline and reduced risk of AD ( Kramer et al, 2005 , 2006 ; Rovio et al, 2005 ; Rolland et al, 2008 ; Lautenschlager et al, 2010 ; Barnes, 2015 ; Allard et al, 2017 ; Gallaway et al, 2017 ; Stephen et al, 2017 ; Barnes and Corkery, 2018 ; Rabin et al, 2018 , 2019 ; Coelho-Junior et al, 2020 ; De la Rosa et al, 2020 ; Pasek et al, 2020 ; Sinha et al, 2020 ). It has been estimated that an increase of 25% in physically active adults would prevent > 230,000 cases of AD in the US ( Barnes and Yaffe, 2011 ).…”

“…This is largely based on evidence that demonstrates exercise promotes Aβ turnover ( Baker et al, 2010 ; Liang et al, 2010 ; Rabin et al, 2018 , 2019 ), the synthesis and release of neurotrophins ( Coelho et al, 2013 , 2014 ), and cerebral ( Burdette et al, 2010 ; Bliss et al, 2020 ) and peripheral blood flow ( Scicchitano et al, 2019 ; O’Brien et al, 2020 ; Pasek et al, 2020 ), while also eliciting a positive systemic inflammatory effect ( Jensen et al, 2019 ; De la Rosa et al, 2020 ). Thus, there is growing support that, at minimum, exercise has the ability to delay the onset of AD and related vascular conditions such as small-vessel-type ischemic stroke and cardiovascular disease ( Ngandu et al, 2015 ; Gallaway et al, 2017 ; Barnes and Corkery, 2018 ; Nystoriak and Bhatnagar, 2018 ; Wardlaw et al, 2019 ; Alty et al, 2020 ; Pasek et al, 2020 ), which African Americans experience at a disproportionately higher prevalence ( Soden et al, 2018 ; Benjamin et al, 2019 ; El Husseini et al, 2020 ). While the benefits of regular exercise are known, many adults are not meeting the recommended amount ( Benjamin et al, 2019 ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021 ).…”