The role of pit-mound microrelief in the redistribution of rainwater in forest soils: a natural legacy facilitating groundwater recharge?

Juřička, David; Valtera, Martin; Deutscher, Jan; Vichta, Tomáš; Pecina, Václav; Patočka, Zdeněk; Chalupová, Naděžda; Tomášová, Gabriela; Jačka, Lukáš; Pařílková, Jana

doi:10.1007/s10342-022-01439-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…In this study, both runoff and SWC dynamics were compared under different rainfall‐runoff event types; however, this brought a number of methodological difficulties regarding the analysis and interpretation of results. A similar methodological data mining approach was used by Juřička et al (2022) for the analysis of rainfall infiltration affected by microrelief. Unlike Juřička et al (2022), however, we provide additional information on actual SWC dynamics (increase/decrease) in relation to hydrological processes generated during rainfall‐runoff events with different hydrological regimes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar methodological data mining approach was used by Juřička et al (2022) for the analysis of rainfall infiltration affected by microrelief. Unlike Juřička et al (2022), however, we provide additional information on actual SWC dynamics (increase/decrease) in relation to hydrological processes generated during rainfall‐runoff events with different hydrological regimes. To ensure the correct interpretation of such data, however, it is essential that the different types of events are clearly delineated, particularly the end of the rainfall‐affected period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Beven & Germann, 1982; Bonell, 1993). Macropores are formed through the activity of soil fauna, root dynamics (growth, decay), layering of soil horizons, translocation of clay, erosive action of subsurface flow or a combination of the above (Beven & Germann, 1982; Jones, 1971; Juřička et al, 2022; Lal, 1987); consequently, there can be wide spatial variability in the occurrence of macropores at the slope and watershed scales (Brammer & McDonnell, 1996; Jones, 1971). Application of physical model approaches of threshold runoff generation processes can only be successful, however, with a good understanding of this variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined effects of rainfall‐runoff events and antecedent soil moisture on runoff generation processes in an upland forested headwater area

Vichta,

Deutscher,

Hemr

et al. 2024

Hydrological Processes

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In this study, we investigate the combined effect of different rainfall‐runoff event types and antecedent soil moisture (ASM) on runoff processes in the headwater elementary discharge area of a small forested upland catchment. The study focuses on (i) the relationship between soil moisture thresholds and runoff generation; (ii) the combined effect of ASM and tree vicinity and (iii) the relationship between different rainfall‐runoff event types and different types of runoff (baseflow and stormflow). The results suggest that ASM has a strong impact on local runoff generation processes. Soil water content (35%–36%) threshold exceedance was related to stormflow runoff generation caused by the activation of quick preferential flow paths in the soil during storm events, especially in the upper and the deepest soil layers. At the same time, unexpected non‐linear increases in baseflow runoff ratios were documented during dry, precipitation‐free, periods and when the 31%–34% soil moisture threshold was exceeded, presumably due to the hydrological connection of farther slope areas during these conditions. Multiple stormflow periods, which exhibited the lowest runoff coefficient, were the most significant events in terms of water retention and soil water recharge due to increased vertical hydrological connectivity enabling more rapid transport to deeper soil layers. However, this rainfall type occurred least often over the study period. The important role of forest stands (individual trees) in creating spatial patterns of soil moisture and preferential infiltration paths to deeper soil layers was also confirmed. These results contribute towards a better conceptualisation of hydrological behaviour in elementary headwater discharge areas and highlight the potential dangers associated with expected increases in extreme weather events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined effects of rainfall‐runoff events and antecedent soil moisture on runoff generation processes in an upland forested headwater area

Vichta,

Deutscher,

Hemr

et al. 2024

Hydrological Processes

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The response of forested upland micro-watersheds to extreme precipitation in a precipitation abundant year

Hemr,

Kupec,

Čech

et al. 2023

Theor Appl Climatol

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We performed a comparative paired catchment study of three headwater upland forest micro-catchments with different forest types in the precipitation-abundant year 2020. The analysis was based on baseflow separation and resulting baseflow index (BFI). The year 2020 was intentionally chosen as a way to reflect the expected effects of climate change in the region where more extreme hydroclimatic events are expected. Our team demonstrated that in case of hydroclimatic extremes, there are significant differences in the runoff response from these catchments, depending especially on the tree species composition in the forest stands. Three forest types with the predominance of European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), and mixed forest were analyzed. The observed different values of BFI were interpreted in relation to the ability of forest stands to retain water and slow runoff in extreme runoff events determined by the stormflow component as an indication of their flood control efficiency. A significantly worse flood control efficiency and an overreaction of runoff response to precipitation events were observed in the spruce catchment. This also suggests that the spruce catchment is more prone to suffer from drought since twice as much water was lost from the system during extreme hydroclimatic events as opposed to the other two with less spruce in the stands and less water is thus available for groundwater recharge.

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Stemflow infiltration hotspots near-tree stems along a soil depth gradient in a mixed oak–beech forest

Hemr¹,

Vichta²,

Brychtová³

et al. 2023

Eur J Forest Res

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In an upland forested micro-catchment during the growing season, we tested soil responses to precipitation events as well as soil water content (SWC). We asked ourselves if what is the difference of SWC response to precipitation events depending on the presence and proximity of a tree? The environmental heterogeneity of the small 7.5-ha headwater area was captured by soil probes at specific locations: (i) probe measurements of SWC at 10-, 30-, 60-, and 100-cm depths; (ii) resolution of near-tree (NT) and between-tree (BT) positions; and (iii) resolution of four slope classes. The results revealed significant differences between the hydrological responses of the soil. NT soils had faster infiltration but were also faster to dry out when compared to BT soils, which were less affected by the presence of trees. Water input threshold values, measured as the precipitation amount needed to cause a significant increase in SWC, were also significantly different, with NT positions always lower than BT positions. Total infiltration of the topmost NT and BT soil layers reached 185 and 156 mm during the study period, corresponding to 43% and 36% of the total 434 mm of precipitation, respectively. Infiltration into the deepest horizon was significantly higher in NT soils, where it reached 114 mm (26%) as opposed to 9 mm (2%) in BT soils, and was indicative of significant vertical hydraulic bypass flow in the proximity of trees. These observations contribute to better understanding the hydrological processes, their nonlinearity, and the expansion of conceptual hydrological models.

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The role of pit-mound microrelief in the redistribution of rainwater in forest soils: a natural legacy facilitating groundwater recharge?

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

Combined effects of rainfall‐runoff events and antecedent soil moisture on runoff generation processes in an upland forested headwater area

Combined effects of rainfall‐runoff events and antecedent soil moisture on runoff generation processes in an upland forested headwater area

The response of forested upland micro-watersheds to extreme precipitation in a precipitation abundant year

Stemflow infiltration hotspots near-tree stems along a soil depth gradient in a mixed oak–beech forest

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