The Role of PIWI and the miRNA Machinery in Drosophila Germline Determination

Megosh, Heather B.; Cox, Daniel N.; Campbell, C. Ryan; Lin, Haifan

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.08.051

Cited by 235 publications

(240 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Yb encodes a novel protein [20], while piwi encodes a highly conserved protein involved in regulation of microRNA (miRNA) production [21,22,[51][52][53][54]. Yb exerts its effect on GSC function by regulating expression of piwi and hh in TFs and cap cells [19].…”

Section: Genes and Pathways That Control Gsc Self-renewal Proliferatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

2007

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Only a small number of cells in adult tissues (the stem cells) possess the ability to self-renew at every cell division, while producing differentiating daughter cells to maintain tissue homeostasis for an organism's lifetime. The Drosophila ovary harbors three different types of stem cell populations (germline stem cell (GSC), somatic stem cell (SSC) and escort stem cell (ESC)) located in a simple anatomical structure known as germarium, rendering it one of the best model systems for studying stem cell biology due to reliable stem cell identification and available sophisticated genetic tools for manipulating gene functions. Particularly, the niche for the GSC is among the first and best studied ones, and studies on the GSC and its niche have made many unique contributions to a better understanding of relationships between stem cells and their niche. So far, both the GSC and the SSC have been shown to be regulated by extrinsic factors originating from their niche and intrinsic factors functioning within. Multiple signaling pathways are required for controlling GSC and SSC self-renewal and differentiation, which provide unique opportunities to investigate how multiple signals from the niche are interpreted in the stem cell. Since the Drosophila ovary contains three types of stem cells, it also provides outstanding opportunities to study how multiple stem cells in a given tissue work collaboratively to contribute to tissue function and maintenance. This review highlights recent major advances in studying Drosophila ovarian stem cells and also discusses future directions and challenges.

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Section: Genes and Pathways That Control Gsc Self-renewal Proliferatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

2007

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“…14,15 Notably, various mRNA degradative enzymes are found in mRNP granules besides P-bodies, such as Xrn1 in stress granules 11 and Drosophila/mouse spermatid nuage, 65 Dcp1/ Dcp2 in various germ granules, [66][67][68] and several Argonaute proteins with endonuclease activity in stress granules, 69 and various germ granules. [70][71][72][73] Whether mRNA degradation occurs in mRNP granules besides P-bodies remains poorly studied.…”

Section: Mrnp Granules Assemble Via Common Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNP granules

2014

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“…The animal germ-line contains a special subfamily of argonaute-like activities called "Piwi" proteins, after the first such molecule discovered [88]. These germ-line-specific proteins bind so-called "piRNAs," and the resulting RITS complexes are essential for germ-line development, gametogenesis and the inhibition of mobile element dispersed repeats in the genome [89].…”

Section: Inscription Over Multiple Cell Cycles In Multicellular Develmentioning

confidence: 99%

How life changes itself: The Read–Write (RW) genome

Shapiro

2013

Physics of Life Reviews

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The genome has traditionally been treated as a Read-Only Memory (ROM) subject to change by copying errors and accidents. In this review, I propose that we need to change that perspective and understand the genome as an intricately formatted Read-Write (RW) data storage system constantly subject to cellular modifications and inscriptions. Cells operate under changing conditions and are continually modifying themselves by genome inscriptions. These inscriptions occur over three distinct time-scales (cell reproduction, multicellular development and evolutionary change) and involve a variety of different processes at each time scale (forming nucleoprotein complexes, epigenetic formatting and changes in DNA sequence structure). Research dating back to the 1930s has shown that genetic change is the result of cell-mediated processes, not simply accidents or damage to the DNA. This cell-active view of genome change applies to all scales of DNA sequence variation, from point mutations to large-scale genome rearrangements and whole genome duplications (WGDs). This conceptual change to active cell inscriptions controlling RW genome functions has profound implications for all areas of the life sciences.

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The Role of PIWI and the miRNA Machinery in Drosophila Germline Determination

Cited by 235 publications

References 78 publications

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community

mRNP granules

How life changes itself: The Read–Write (RW) genome

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