The role of plant hormones in tree-ring formation

Buttò, Valentinà; Deslauriers, Annie; Rossi, Sergio; Rozenberg, Philippe; Shishov, Vladimir V.; Morin, Hubert

doi:10.1007/s00468-019-01940-4

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 257 publications

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“…The peak in the cambial growth rate i.e. the number of cells produced per time units, matches a peak of auxin, the main hormone promoting cell division, and occurs during earlywood formation (Buttò et al, 2020). At the same time, soil water content and temperature affect cambial growth rate and cell production, the first prevailing in dry environments and the second in boreal climates (Deslauriers et al, 2008;Ziaco et al, 2018;Ren et al, 2019).…”

Section: Timing Of Cell Division and Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The predicted end of the growing season occurred around the middle of September when photoperiod became the most limiting factor. In boreal and temperate forests, short days induce cambium dormancy by triggering the physiological mechanisms that lead to growth cessation (Buttò et al, 2020). At high latitudes, the shortening of day length also allows trees to anticipate lower temperatures and induces cold acclimation responses (Wingler, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…photoperiod, soil water content and temperature, which are already included in the model, and on endogenous factors i.e. hormonal signaling, sugars concentration (Rathgeber, 2017;Cartenì et al, 2018;Buttò et al, 2020). Then, a new framework that considers the nonlinear relationship between the duration of cell enlargement and cell diameter can be implemented, which also includes the effect of the secondary wall on the process of cell expansion (Buttò et al, 2019).…”

Section: Vs Tree-ring Growth Rate and Cell Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The core of tree-ring growth is cambial activity, and the VS model has been developed to establish not only the start and end of the growing season but also the timing of xylem cell production and the final size of these cells (Popkova et al, 2018). This particular aspect of the VS model has heightened interest in its application with the abundance of literature discussing intra-annual tree-ring dynamics within the cambial zone and xylem; these dynamics are related to both endogenous (developmental patterns and hormones) and exogenous (weather and seasonality) factors (Buttò et al, 2020). The variation of xylem cell traits, i.e., cell diameter and cell wall thickness, provides important information about the trade-off between hydraulic safety and efficiency, a factor that allows plants to adapt and survive in a changing environment (Hacke et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing the Cell Dynamics of Tree-Ring Formation Observed in Microcores and as Predicted by the Vaganov–Shashkin Model

et al. 2020

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New insights into the intra-annual dynamics of tree-ring formation can improve our understanding of tree-growth response to environmental conditions at high-resolution time scales. Obtaining this information requires, however, a weekly monitoring of wood formation, sampling that is extremely time-intensive and scarcely feasible over vast areas. Estimating the timing of cambial and xylem differentiation by modeling thus represents an interesting alternative for obtaining this important information by other means. Temporal dynamics of cambial divisions can be extracted from the daily tree-ring growth rate computed by the Vaganov-Shashkin (VS) simulation model, assuming that cell production is tightly linked to tree-ring growth. Nonetheless, these predictions have yet to be compared with direct observations of wood development, i.e., via microcoring, over a long time span. We tested the performance of the VS model by comparing the observed and predicted timing of wood formation in black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.)]. We obtained microcores over 15 years at 5 sites along a latitudinal gradient in Quebec (Canada). The measured variables included cell size and the timing of cell production and differentiation. We calibrated the VS model using daily temperature and precipitation recorded by weather stations located on each site. The predicted and observed timing of cambial and enlarging cells were highly correlated (R 2 = 0.8); nonetheless, we detected a systematic overestimation in the predicted timing of cambial cells, with predictions delayed by 1-20 days compared with observations. The growth rate of cell diameter was correlated with the predicted growth rate assigned to each cambial cell, confirming that cell diameter developmental dynamics have the potential to be inferred by the treering growth curve of the VS model. Model performances decrease substantially in estimating the end of wood formation. The systematic errors suggest that the actual relationships implemented in the model are unable to explain the phenological events in autumn. The mismatch between the observed and predicted timing of wood formation in

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Section: Timing Of Cell Division and Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vs Tree-ring Growth Rate and Cell Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing the Cell Dynamics of Tree-Ring Formation Observed in Microcores and as Predicted by the Vaganov–Shashkin Model

et al. 2020

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“…The hormone auxin is involved in regulating virtually all morphogenetic processes in plant organisms, and its role in conducting tissues differentiation in tree trunks is well known [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Auxin contribution to the regulation of morphogenetic processes largely depends on its concentration and distribution in plant organs and tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Analysis of Key Auxin Biosynthesis, Transport, and Metabolism Genes of Betula pendula with Special Emphasis on Figured Wood Formation in Karelian Birch

Tarelkina

Novitskaya

Галибина

et al. 2020

Plants

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Auxin status in woody plants is believed to be a critical factor for the quantity and quality of the wood formed. It has been previously demonstrated that figured wood formation in Karelian birch (Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Merckl.) Hämet-Ahti) is associated with a reduced auxin level and elevated sugar content in the differentiating xylem, but the molecular mechanisms of the abnormal xylogenesis remained largely unclear. We have identified genes involved in auxin biosynthesis (Yucca), polar auxin transport (PIN) and the conjugation of auxin with amino acids (GH3) and UDP-glucose (UGT84B1) in the B. pendula genome, and analysed their expression in trunk tissues of trees differing in wood structure. Almost all the investigated genes were overexpressed in Karelian birch trunks. Although Yucca genes were overexpressed, trunk tissues in areas developing figured grain had traits of an auxin-deficient phenotype. Overexpression of GH3s and UGT84B1 appears to have a greater effect on figured wood formation. Analysis of promoters of the differentially expressed genes revealed a large number of binding sites with various transcription factors associated with auxin and sugar signalling. These data agree with the hypothesis that anomalous figured wood formation in Karelian birch may be associated with the sugar induction of auxin conjugation.

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Anatomical, Developmental and Physiological Bases of Tree-Ring Formation in Relation to Environmental Factors

Rathgeber

Pérez‐de‐Lis

Fernández‐de‐Uña

et al. 2022

Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings

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Understanding the process of wood formation and its dynamics over the growing season is fundamental to interpret the isotopic signature of tree rings. Indeed, the isotopic signal recorded in wood does not only depend on the conditions influencing carbon, water, and nitrogen uptake in the leaves and roots, but also on how these elements are translocated to the stem and incorporated into the developing xylem. Depending on environmental conditions, tree developmental stage, and physiological status, wood formation dynamics can vary greatly and produce tree-ring structures carrying specific isotopic signatures. In this chapter, we present the physiological processes involved in wood formation, along with their relationships with anatomical, developmental, and environmental factors, to understand when and how photosynthetic assimilates are progressively incorporated into the forming xylem, creating the final isotopic signature of a tree ring. First, we review current knowledge on the structure and functions of wood. Then we describe the xylogenesis process (how and when the new xylem cells produced by the cambium develop through successive differentiation phases), and its relationships with physiological, developmental, and environmental factors. Finally, we explain the kinetics of xylemcell differentiation and show why the knowledge recently acquired in this field allows us to better understand the isotopic signals in tree rings.

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The role of plant hormones in tree-ring formation

Cited by 57 publications

References 257 publications

Comparing the Cell Dynamics of Tree-Ring Formation Observed in Microcores and as Predicted by the Vaganov–Shashkin Model

Comparing the Cell Dynamics of Tree-Ring Formation Observed in Microcores and as Predicted by the Vaganov–Shashkin Model

Expression Analysis of Key Auxin Biosynthesis, Transport, and Metabolism Genes of Betula pendula with Special Emphasis on Figured Wood Formation in Karelian Birch

Anatomical, Developmental and Physiological Bases of Tree-Ring Formation in Relation to Environmental Factors

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