A three-dimensional
(3D) strategy for the fabrication of ethylene
vinyl alcohol (EVAL) membranes with a dynamic surface was developed
based on sliding supramolecular polymer brushes (SSPBs). The SSPBs
with a 3D hydrophilic structure were introduced into the alkyne–EVAL
membrane matrix via an azide–alkyne click coupling reaction.
The self-mobile hydrophilic slide-rings in the SSPB provided a proactive
exclusion system. This resulted in reduced direct contact of the membrane
surface with multiple pollutants such as bovine serum albumin (BSA)
and oil droplets. The EVAL-SSPB membrane demonstrated increased surface
hydrophilicity, underwater oleophobicity, and antifouling properties.
More importantly, the abundant hydrophilic rings in the membrane matrix
result in supramolecular assembly and efficient hydrophilic sliding
channels. This resulted in a dramatic increase in the water flux [2000
L/(m2 h)] while retaining a 96% rejection of BSA and oil/water
emulsions. The results of the study indicate that three effects of
the cyclodextrins rings, i.e., the hydrophilic effect, the exclusion
effect, and the sliding effect, enabled the improved membrane performance.
The demonstrated 3D fabrication strategy is versatile, facile, and
scalable, which allows for its application to various other membranes.
The fabricated materials possess excellent permeability and separation
efficiencies, which make them attractive candidates for use as separation
membranes with novel functions.