The role of psychosocial stress at work for the development of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review

Backé, Eva; Seidler, Andreas; Latza, Ute; Rossnagel, Karin; Schumann, Barbara

doi:10.1007/s00420-011-0643-6

Cited by 405 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The failed reciprocity in terms of high effort and low reward elicits strong negative emotions and this, in combination with sustained autonomic activation results in adverse longterm consequences for physical and mental health (8). High ERI has been found to associate with increasing risks of cardiovascular diseases (for a review, see 7,9), mortality (eg, 10), poor general mental health (11), and higher psychological distress (12). High ERI has also been found to associate with work-related outcomes such as emotional exhaustion at work (13,14) and turnover intentions (15).…”

Section: The Effort-reward Imbalance Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcommitment as a predictor of effort–reward imbalance: evidence from an 8-year follow-up study

Feldt¹,

Hyvönen²,

Mäkikangas³

et al. 2016

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Overcommitment as a predictor of effort-reward imbalance: evidence from an 8-year follow-up study by Feldt T, Hyvönen K, Mäkikangas A, Rantanen J, Huhtala M, Kinnunen UThe present study makes a significant contribution to job strain research by showing that employees' perceptions of failed reciprocity (effort-reward imbalance) can have their origins in their intrinsic overcommitment. We suggest, when implementing interventions, organizations should take into account the dynamic nature of employees' job strain experiences, and particularly the role of individual differences in overcommitment. Affiliation 309Original article Scand J Work Environ Health. 2016;42(4):309-319. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3575 Overcommitment as a predictor of effort-reward imbalance: evidence from an 8-year follow-up study Objective The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model includes the personal characteristic of overcommitment (OC) and the job-related characteristics of effort, reward, and ERI, all of which are assumed to play a role in an employee's health and well-being at work. The aim of the present longitudinal study was to shed more light on the dynamics of the ERI model by investigating the basic hypotheses related to the role of OC in the model, ie, to establish whether an employee's OC could be a risk factor for an increased experience of high effort, low reward, and high ERI at work. Results Three cross-lagged structural equation models (SEM) were estimated and compared by using full information maximum likelihood method: (i) OC predicted later experiences of effort, reward, and ERI (normal causation model), (ii) effort, reward, and ERI predicted later OC (reversed causation model), and (iii) associations in normal causal and reversed causal models were simultaneously valid (reciprocal causation model). The results supported the normal causation model: strong OC predicted later experiences of high effort, low reward and high ERI. MethodsConclusions High OC is a risk factor for an increased experience of job strain factors; that is, high effort, low reward, and high ERI. Thus, OC is a risk factor not only for an employee's well-being and health but also for an increasing risk for perceiving adverse job strain factors in the working environment.

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Section: The Effort-reward Imbalance Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcommitment as a predictor of effort–reward imbalance: evidence from an 8-year follow-up study

Feldt¹,

Hyvönen²,

Mäkikangas³

et al. 2016

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…We almost instantaneously begin to consider options of what to do: Perhaps seek out someone in authority or, alternatively, quickly without much thought push alarm buttons to get out. Active coping (involving strategies such as altering perception via appraisal strategies, reframing or reasoning, exercising cognitive and behavioral control, and problem solving during stress) signals resilience and regulates stress to promote adaptive behaviors and positive health outcomes (1)(2)(3). On the other hand, extensive research documents that poor emotional and behavioral coping (using avoidance, suppression, rumination, and habitual motivation during stress) is associated with a number of maladaptive health behaviors and poor health outcomes (3)(4)(5)(6)(7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic neural activity during stress signals resilient coping

Sinha

Lacadie

Constable

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

195

164

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Active coping underlies a healthy stress response, but neural processes supporting such resilient coping are not well-known. Using a brief, sustained exposure paradigm contrasting highly stressful, threatening, and violent stimuli versus nonaversive neutral visual stimuli in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we show significant subjective, physiologic, and endocrine increases and temporally related dynamically distinct patterns of neural activation in brain circuits underlying the stress response. First, stressspecific sustained increases in the amygdala, striatum, hypothalamus, midbrain, right insula, and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) regions supported the stress processing and reactivity circuit. Second, dynamic neural activation during stress versus neutral runs, showing early increases followed by later reduced activation in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), left DLPFC, hippocampus, and left insula, suggested a stress adaptation response network. Finally, dynamic stress-specific mobilization of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VmPFC), marked by initial hypoactivity followed by increased VmPFC activation, pointed to the VmPFC as a key locus of the emotional and behavioral control network. Consistent with this finding, greater neural flexibility signals in the VmPFC during stress correlated with active coping ratings whereas lower dynamic activity in the VmPFC also predicted a higher level of maladaptive coping behaviors in real life, including binge alcohol intake, emotional eating, and frequency of arguments and fights. These findings demonstrate acute functional neuroplasticity during stress, with distinct and separable brain networks that underlie critical components of the stress response, and a specific role for VmPFC neuroflexibility in stress-resilient coping.functional neuroimaging | stress | resilience coping | binge alcohol intake | emotional eating

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“…Job insecurity [58,59] and overtime work [60] are additional relevant factors in this context. Fifth, given significant gender differences in work stress [61], in the prevalence and incidence of CHD [12] as well as in the strength of effects of work stress on CHD [13][14][15][16], this issue deserves more intense inquiry. In the studies included in our review, men accounted for more than 80% of the total sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the observation of increasing incidence rates of CHD among relatively young age groups, particularly in the working population [2,12], contribution of psychosocial work stress to the development and prognosis of CHD in employed people has been drawing increasing attention. Cumulative evidence shows that psychosocial stress at work is repeatedly associated with elevated risks of fatal and non-fatal CHD, and the strongest evidence comes from the investigations that assessed an adverse psychosocial work environment in terms of psychometrically validated measurements based on stress-theoretical models, such as the Demand-Control model or the Effort-Reward Imbalance model [13][14][15][16]. The 1st model claims that stress-related ill health results from the combined effects of high job demand and low job control [17], while the latter model emphasizes harmful effects of failed reciprocity between effort spent at work and reward received in turn (high effort/ low reward) [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work stress and the risk of recurrent coronary heart disease events: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Loerbroks

et al. 2014

IJOMEH

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Though much evidence indicates that work stress increases the risk of incident of coronary heart disease (CHD), little is known about the role of work stress in the development of recurrent CHD events. The objective of this study was to review and synthesize the existing epidemiological evidence on whether work stress increases the risk of recurrent CHD events in patients with the first CHD. A systematic literature search in the PubMed database (January 1990 -December 2013 for prospective studies was performed. Inclusion criteria included: peer-reviewed English papers with original data, studies with substantial follow-up (> 3 years), end points defined as cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction, as well as work stress assessed with reliable and valid instruments. Meta-analysis using random-effects modeling was conducted in order to synthesize the observed effects across the studies. Five papers derived from 4 prospective studies conducted in Sweden and Canada were included in this systematic review. The measurement of work stress was based on the DemandControl model (4 papers) or the Effort-Reward Imbalance model (1 paper). According to the estimation by meta-analysis based on 4 papers, a significant effect of work stress on the risk of recurrent CHD events (hazard ratio: 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.23-2.22) was observed. Our findings suggest that, in patients with the first CHD, work stress is associated with an increased relative risk of recurrent CHD events by 65%. Due to the limited literature, more well-designed prospective research is needed to examine this association, in particular, from other than western regions of the world. MATERIAL AND METHODSIn order to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies we applied internationally established guidelines [23,24]. We searched the PubMed database by applying the following inclusion criteria: -time of publication -January 1990 -December 2013, -study design -a prospective cohort study, -peer-reviewed English-language article with original data, -study subjects -patients with the 1st CHD, -work stress -assessed with reliable and valid instruments, -end points -cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction, -follow-up duration -more than 3 years, -adjustment for relevant confounding factors -such as age, gender, behavior factors, clinical features of CHD, etc. We performed literature search using (combinations of) the following medical subject headings and key words: work stress, psychosocial work characteristics, job strain, effort reward imbalance, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, recurrent, patients, prognosis, death. Random-effects modeling was used to perform meta-analysis [25]. We distinguished different levels of work stress and set a group of subjects with a low work stress level as a reference group. Then hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with a high work stress level from the selected studies were estimated. We used the Q-test for heterogeneity of the stu...

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The role of psychosocial stress at work for the development of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review

Cited by 405 publications

References 52 publications

Overcommitment as a predictor of effort–reward imbalance: evidence from an 8-year follow-up study

Overcommitment as a predictor of effort–reward imbalance: evidence from an 8-year follow-up study

Dynamic neural activity during stress signals resilient coping

Work stress and the risk of recurrent coronary heart disease events: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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