The Role of RASGRP2 in Vascular Endothelial Cells—A Mini Review

Abstract

RAS guanyl nucleotide-releasing proteins (RASGRPs) are important proteins that act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors, which activate small GTPases and function as molecular switches for intracellular signals. The RASGRP family is composed of RASGRP1–4 proteins and activates the small GTPases, RAS and RAP. Among them, RASGRP2 has different characteristics from other RASGRPs in that it targets small GTPases and its localizations are different. Many studies related to RASGRP2 have been reported in cells of the blood cell lineage. Furthermore, RASGRP2 has also been reported to be associated with Huntington’s disease, tumors, and rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, we also recently reported RASGRP2 expression in vascular endothelial cells, and clarified the involvement of xenopus Rasgrp2 in the vasculogenesis process and multiple signaling pathways of RASGRP2 in human vascular endothelial cells with stable expression of RASGRP2. Therefore, this article outlines the existing knowledge of RASGRP2 and focuses on its expression and role in vascular endothelial cells, and suggests that RASGRP2 functions as a protective factor for maintaining healthy blood vessels.

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“…As targeted receptors for extracellular stimulation, PDGFRs regulate many biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. − PDGFR inhibition also enhances the pro-apoptotic effects of the associated apoptosis-inducing ligand TRAIL . Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (RasGEF) is an important protein that acts as a molecular switch for intracellular signaling to activate RAS . Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that induces ERK1/2 phosphorylation .…”

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