“…Also, some recent studies such as Khoshnevis Yazdi and Ghorchi Beygi (2017), Zoundi (2017), Danish et al (2017), Waheed et al (2018, Nguyen and Kakinaka (2018), Cheng et al (2019), Dong et al (2019), Adams and Acheampong (2019), Mahmood et al (2019), Akram et al (2020), Piłatowska et al (2020), Saidi and Omri (2020), Hasanov et al (2021), Shahnazi and Dehghan Shabani (2021), Makhdum et al (2022), and inter alia, revealed that higher renewable energy consumption reduced environmental degradation. In addition, some group studies like Yunfeng and Laike (2010), Apergis et al (2013), Yin et al (2015), Jin et al (2017), Alvarez-Herranz et al (2017), Li et al (2017), Zhang et al (2017), Mensah et al (2018), Wang et al (2018Wang et al ( , 2019, Huang et al (2020), Hasanov et al (2021Hasanov et al ( , 2023 concluded that technological progress causes a decline in CO 2 emissions.…”