The Role of RNA Modification in HIV-1 Infection

Wang, Shuqi; Li, Huanxiang; Lian, Zhengxing; Deng, Shoulong

doi:10.3390/ijms23147571

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…The disruption of gene expression patterns controlled by epigenetics can lead to autoimmune diseases, infection, cancers ( Wang et al, 2022 ), inflammatory, autoimmune diseases and a variety of other diseases ( Cui et al, 2022 )and m6A methylation plays an important role in both hypertrophic and ischemic heart disease ( Kumari et al, 2022 ), kidney diseases ( Ni et al, 2023 ), such as renal cell carcinoma, acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, osteosarcoma ( Wu et al, 2022 ) and other different types of cancers. In a variety of cancers, m6A was found to play different roles, the same regulator has different functions in different cancers, and even different cell lines of the same cancer, and the phenotypes of regulator interventions with similar functions in the same cancer are also different.…”

Section: Overview Of Rna Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shining a spotlight on m6A and the vital role of RNA modification in endometrial cancer: a review

Jin,

Sheng,

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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RNA modifications are mostly dynamically reversible post-transcriptional modifications, of which m6A is the most prevalent in eukaryotic mRNAs. A growing number of studies indicate that RNA modification can finely tune gene expression and modulate RNA metabolic homeostasis, which in turn affects the self-renewal, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic tumor in developed countries. Although it can be diagnosed early in the onset and have a preferable prognosis, some cases might develop and become metastatic or recurrent, with a worse prognosis. Fortunately, immunotherapy and targeted therapy are promising methods of treating endometrial cancer patients. Gene modifications may also contribute to these treatments, as is especially the case with recent developments of new targeted therapeutic genes and diagnostic biomarkers for EC, even though current findings on the relationship between RNA modification and EC are still very limited, especially m6A. For example, what is the elaborate mechanism by which RNA modification affects EC progression? Taking m6A modification as an example, what is the conversion mode of methylation and demethylation for RNAs, and how to achieve selective recognition of specific RNA? Understanding how they cope with various stimuli as part of in vivo and in vitro biological development, disease or tumor occurrence and development, and other processes is valuable and RNA modifications provide a distinctive insight into genetic information. The roles of these processes in coping with various stimuli, biological development, disease, or tumor development in vivo and in vitro are self-evident and may become a new direction for cancer in the future. In this review, we summarize the category, characteristics, and therapeutic precis of RNA modification, m6A in particular, with the purpose of seeking the systematic regulation axis related to RNA modification to provide a better solution for the treatment of EC.

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Section: Overview Of Rna Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shining a spotlight on m6A and the vital role of RNA modification in endometrial cancer: a review

Jin,

Sheng,

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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“…They further demonstrated that HIV RNA oligos containing only one single m 6 A methylation in the 5 UTR region could significantly suppress IFNβ expression [112]. Given that HIV RNA carries different types of RNA methylations, including m 6 A [54], internal 2 -O methylations [43], m 5 C [188], m 7 G [195], m 1 A [188] and m 6 Am [196], as well as other modifications (reviewed in [197]), it is possible that they may all contribute to innate immunity evasion strategies, either individually or in combination. Finally, the RNA methylation landscape of host cells is modified upon HIV infection, displaying increased m 6 A-methylated host transcripts, and it may thus offer novel opportunities for HIV to exploit cellular factors and hide from innate immune responses [54].…”

Section: Class VI Viruses: Positive Sense Single-stranded Rna With Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Epitranscriptomics on Antiviral Innate Immunity

Mersinoglu

Cristinelli

Ciuffi

2022

Viruses

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Epitranscriptomics, i.e., chemical modifications of RNA molecules, has proven to be a new layer of modulation and regulation of protein expression, asking for the revisiting of some aspects of cellular biology. At the virological level, epitranscriptomics can thus directly impact the viral life cycle itself, acting on viral or cellular proteins promoting replication, or impacting the innate antiviral response of the host cell, the latter being the focus of the present review.

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“…RNA is one of the most functionally versatile chemical species with essential roles in gene expression and silencing, − biochemical reactions, , development of diseases, , and therapeutic modalities. − This broad range of functions in RNA is achieved due to its ability to undergo diverse post-transcriptional modifications which expand RNA’s conformational and functional diversity. − Chemically modified RNA molecules can also adapt to thermal and environmental changes − or lead to various diseases, including obesity, heart failure, and cancer. ,,, Therefore, chemical modifications in RNA may also be targeted for therapeutic intervention. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenine Methylation Enhances the Conformational Flexibility of an RNA Hairpin Tetraloop

Levintov,

Vashisth

2024

J. Phys. Chem. B

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The N6-methyladenosine modification is one of the most abundant post-transcriptional modifications in ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules. Using molecular dynamics simulations and alchemical free-energy calculations, we studied the structural and energetic implications of incorporating this modification in an adenine mononucleotide and an RNA hairpin structure. At the mononucleotide level, we found that the syn configuration is more favorable than the anti configuration by 2.05 ± 0.15 kcal/mol. The unfavorable effect of methylation was due to the steric overlap between the methyl group and a nitrogen atom in the purine ring. We then probed the effect of methylation in an RNA hairpin structure containing an AUCG tetraloop, which is recognized by a “reader” protein (YTHDC1) to promote transcriptional silencing of long noncoding RNAs. While methylation had no significant conformational effect on the hairpin stem, the methylated tetraloop showed enhanced conformational flexibility compared to the unmethylated tetraloop. The increased flexibility was associated with the outward flipping of two bases (A6 and U7) which formed stacking interactions with each other and with the C8 and G9 bases in the tetraloop, leading to a conformation similar to that in the RNA/reader protein complex. Therefore, methylation-induced conformational flexibility likely facilitates RNA recognition by the reader protein.

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The Role of RNA Modification in HIV-1 Infection

Cited by 12 publications

References 165 publications

Shining a spotlight on m6A and the vital role of RNA modification in endometrial cancer: a review

Shining a spotlight on m6A and the vital role of RNA modification in endometrial cancer: a review

The Impact of Epitranscriptomics on Antiviral Innate Immunity

Adenine Methylation Enhances the Conformational Flexibility of an RNA Hairpin Tetraloop

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