The role of seaweed extract on improvement drought tolerance of wheat revealed by osmoprotectants and DNA (cpDNA) markers

Abstract

Drought stress is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting adversely plant growth, crop production, and various metabolic processes. Using seaweed extract in mitigating water stress adverse effects is highly important for plant production. The present study discussed the physiological role of seaweed extract (Sargassum denticulatum) in improving wheat tolerance to water stress.Water stress (40% of field capacity) caused significant decreases in wheat plant growth parameters (shoot height, fresh, and dry weights of the shoot) as well as with significant decreases in chlorophyll content and starch. Total soluble sugars, free amino acids, proline, and phenolic compounds contents increased in stressed wheat plants irrigated every three weeks compared with control plants. The foliar application of seaweed extract 2% enhanced all growth and yield parameters and more accumulation of the organic solutes in leaves of water-stressed plants. These increases correlated with significant increases in total phenolic contents as compared with control plants. The trnL intron and psbA-trnH intergenic regions of cpDNA were amplified from extracted total genomic DNA. The results indicated that the variation among psbA-trnH intergenic region was more than trnL intron region to distinct the variation of wheat treatments as responsible to water deficit.Foliar spray of seaweeds extract was effective in improving wheat performance by enhancing compatible osmolytes, antioxidant compounds and enhancing variation among non-coding chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) regions trnL intron and psbA-tnH as a response to water deficit.

Enhancement of salinity stress tolerance in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) using seed priming with Amla extract and NaCl.

“…( Drobek et al, 2019). Our findings agreed with past research on wheat (Ali et al, 2022), Zea mays (Al-Shakankery et al, 2014), as well as Vigna sinensis (Sivasankari et al, 2006).…”

“…As a result, this memory increases the plant's tolerance when it is subsequently exposed to various abiotic stress (Giordano et al, 2020). Priming agents, such as seaweed extract and hormones or polyamines (PAs) have been shown to enhance wheat seedling performance (Afzal et al, 2006 andAli et al, 2022) and validamycin A in rice (Abdelgawad et al, 2014). Such memory works at the phenotypic level (Hilker et al, 2015) and considers changes in gene expression, metabolism, and epigenetic modifications but not DNA sequence changes.…”

Biostimulant Properties of Marine Bioactive Extracts in Plants: Incrimination toward Sustainable Crop Production in Rice

“…Seaweed extract of Sargassum denticulatum (2 percent) foliar application enhanced all growth and yield parameters and more accumulation of the organic solutes in leaves of water-stressed plants. Application of seaweed biostimulant/extract enhanced seedling growth of wheat plants during growth period [38]. The influence of three red marine algae species (Laurencia obtusa, Corallina elongata, and Jania rubens) was assessed as biostimulant to enhance the growth of maize (Zea mays L.) plants.…”

Effect of Planting Date and Spraying with the Physiological Stimulant (Appetizer) on the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum.L)

“…The reason for the high average values of chlorophyll for the plants treated with the physiological stimulant is due to the stimulant's content of seaweed extracts that contain the microelements zinc, manganese and gibberellin, which raised the efficiency of photosynthesis and thus raised The content of chlorophyll in the flag leaf.This is in agreement with [55], who indicated that seaweed extract applied as a foliar spray enhanced the level of leaf chlorophyll in plants by means of stimuli present in its composition. [56] . Extracts of marine algae improve chlorophyll concentration by phytohormones included in these extracts, which protect chlorophyll from degradation under heat stress and increase nitrogen assimilation.…”