The role of self-efficacy in HIV treatment adherence and its interaction with psychosocial factors among HIV positive adolescents in transition to adult care in Kenya

Gitahi, Nyawira; Wahome, Samuel; Bukusi, Elizabeth A.; Memiah, Peter

doi:10.1080/17450128.2021.1954736

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although the difference in adherence between the two groups was not significant, the level of treatment adherence self-efficacy was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group at 3 months after starting the intervention. In existing literature, self-efficacy was significantly correlated with short-and long-term adherence [21,29,30]. Thus, this smartphone app also enhanced the sustainability of HIV/AIDS treatment.…”

Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Efficacy of a Mobile Phone–Based Intervention on Health Behaviors and HIV/AIDS Treatment Management: Randomized Controlled Trial

Tran¹,

Bui²,

Linh³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

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Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is considered the most important intervention for HIV-positive patients; thus, encouraging the use of and adherence to ART are vital to HIV treatment outcomes. Advances in web and mobile technologies hold potential in supporting HIV treatment management. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a theory-based mobile health (mHealth) intervention on health behaviors and HIV treatment adherence among patients with HIV/AIDS in Vietnam. Methods We performed a randomized controlled trial on 425 HIV patients in two of the largest HIV clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam. Both the intervention group (238 patients) and the control group (187 patients) received regular consultations with doctors and then participated in 1-month and 3-month follow-up visits. Patients in the intervention group received a theory-driven smartphone app to facilitate medication adherence and self-efficacy in HIV patients. Measurements were developed based on the Health Belief Model, which included the visual analog scale of ART Adherence, HIV Treatment Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale, and HIV Symptom Management Self-Efficacy Scale. We also included the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess patients’ mental health throughout treatment. Results In the intervention group, the adherence score increased significantly (β=1.07, 95% CI .24-1.90) after 1 month, whereas the HIV adherence self-efficacy was significantly higher after 3 months (β=2.17, 95% CI 2.07-2.27) compared to the control group. There was a positive but low level of change in risk behaviors such as drinking, smoking, and drug use. Factors related to positive change in adherence were being employed and having stable mental well-being (lower PHQ-9 scores). Factors associated with self-efficacy in treatment adherence and symptom management were gender, occupation, younger age, and having no other underlying conditions. A longer duration of ART increased treatment adherence but decreased self-efficacy in symptom management. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that the mHealth app could improve the overall ART adherence self-efficacy of patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are needed to support our findings. Trial Registration Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20220928003; https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20220928003

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Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Efficacy of a Mobile Phone–Based Intervention on Health Behaviors and HIV/AIDS Treatment Management: Randomized Controlled Trial

Tran¹,

Bui²,

Linh³

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

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“…The majority of studies included in this review were conducted in South Africa ( n = 5) and Uganda ( n = 5). Most of the included studies used qualitative designs ( n = 12) (Petersen et al, 2010 ; Midtbø, 2012 ; Mburu et al, 2014 ; Bernays et al, 2015 ; Shabalala et al, 2016 ; Woollett et al, 2016 ; Zanoni et al, 2019 ; Bakeera-Kitaka et al, 2020 ; Govindasamy et al, 2020 ; Kimera et al, 2020 ; Gitahi et al, 2021 ; Rencken et al, 2021 ); with only three quantitative [cross-sectional (Gitahi et al, 2021 ), longitudinal randomized clinical trial (Nabunya et al, 2020 ), secondary analysis (Nöstlinger et al, 2015 )] and two mixed-methods study (Dow et al, 2018 ; Kaunda-Khangamwa et al, 2020 ). This may be indicative of a lack of mental wellness instruments for ALHIV, or it may reflect the research trends focusing on measuring the prevalence of mental health problems in ALHIV (Kidia et al, 2015 ; Vreeman et al, 2017 ; Laurenzi et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-esteem A person's overall subjective sense of personal worth or value "They are able to talk about their health with other HIV positive adolescents and it is also suggested that peer support groups enable the adolescents to develop good self-esteem" Mburu et al, 2014;Nöstlinger et al, 2015;Woollett et al, 2016;Gitahi et al, 2021 "Some of them reported that knowing their status was a strength to them, one boy stating that "we have self-esteem because we know our status""…”

Section: Definition or Interpretation Quotes From Included Studies Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adherence Self-efficacy Belief in one's ability to successfully adhere to treatment plans "More specifically, adherence self-efficacy -defined as the confidence in one's ability to adhere to treatment plans, has been documented as an important predictor of medication adherence in the treatment of HIV and other medical conditions" Gitahi et al, 2021 positive adolescent Yoruba girls. The findings from the study demonstrate how the Yoruba culture may enable resilience (through and emphasis on family ties and social cohesion) or constrain it through gender relations that often perpetuate gender inequalities which put adolescent girls (especially those living with HIV at risk) (Adegoke and Steyn, 2018).…”

Section: Spiritualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rethinking mental health wellness among adolescents living with HIV in the African context: An integrative review of mental wellness components

Orth

Wyk

2022

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectiveAdolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) are considered to be at heightened risk for developing mental health problems in comparison to their peers due to the burden of living with a stigmatized condition and managing a chronic condition. Poorer mental health outcomes among ALHIV are associated with lower rates of adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART). It is necessary to improve mental wellness among ALHIV as this acts as a buffer against developing mental health problems which, if left untreated can evolve into mental health disorders. Research on mental wellness concepts among ALHIV is underdeveloped which is associated with a lack of appropriate measures of mental wellness. We conducted an integrative review to conceptualize mental wellness and consider the critical components for measuring mental wellness in ALHIV.MethodAn integrative review of published literature focusing on mental wellness of ALHIV in the African context was conducted. The process was guided by the PRISMA operational steps. As part of our problem identification phase, we drew on findings from a previous systematic review of mental wellness instruments and a qualitative photovoice study on exploring the experiences of ALHIV, to develop an initial framework of 13 mental wellness concepts and behaviors which informed the search strategy.ResultsThe review included 17 articles from which we identified six mental wellness concepts: Connectedness, Sense of Coherence (SOC), Self-esteem, Self-acceptance, Hope for the Future and Spirituality as well as six behaviors facilitating mental wellness: Coping, Resilience, Purpose in Life (goals), Self-efficacy, Adherence Self-efficacy, and Leisure Activities. All of these concepts and behaviors have been noted in our previous research (systematic review and qualitative work), with the exception of adherence self-efficacy. Based on the findings from this review and our previous work, we adapted the Salutogenic Model of Health developed by Antonovsky in 1987, to propose a Salutogenic Model of Mental Wellness (SMoMW) for ALHIV in the African context. This SMoMW may be used to develop an age and culturally appropriate measure of mental wellness for ALHIV.ConclusionThe findings from this review used to conceptualize mental wellness among ALHIV which can be used to develop a measurement of mental wellness.

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“…The success of the disclosure process is determined by the reported positive coping skills by APHIV. However, few studies have examined the aftereffects of disclosure among APHIV, leaving a gap in knowledge about the post-disclosure experiences of APHIV [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Study on the Voices of Adolescents Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Selected Clinics in the Limpopo Province of South Africa

Mabasa,

Muthelo,

Skaal

et al. 2023

Children

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The disclosure of HIV status among adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV (APHIV) has become one of the core challenges in the management of APHIV. Disclosure is a challenge that undermines positive advances and achievements in HIV management. There is limited literature on the voices of APHIV on disclosure of their status. This study aims to explore the current disclosure process and how it affects APHIV. A qualitative exploratory design was employed to conduct one-on-one in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Purposive sampling was used to sample 21 APHIV in 16 selected health facilities in the Vhembe district of Limpopo Province, South Africa. Data were analyzed using Tesch’s qualitative data method. The findings of this study reflect the gaps in the current disclosure process and guidelines while acknowledging the importance of disclosure to APHIV. A notable finding in this study is that most APHIV, especially those in early adolescence, did not want to know their HIV status due to the stigma attached to an HIV-positive diagnosis. This study suggests that proper training and support of parents and/or guardians in the disclosure process are needed, as they are the primary caregivers of APHIV. The disclosure of HIV status must be a comprehensive part of the management and care of HIV for APHIV. Furthermore, dedicated support programs should be developed and implemented to improve their lives post-disclosure.

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The role of self-efficacy in HIV treatment adherence and its interaction with psychosocial factors among HIV positive adolescents in transition to adult care in Kenya

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Efficacy of a Mobile Phone–Based Intervention on Health Behaviors and HIV/AIDS Treatment Management: Randomized Controlled Trial

Efficacy of a Mobile Phone–Based Intervention on Health Behaviors and HIV/AIDS Treatment Management: Randomized Controlled Trial

Rethinking mental health wellness among adolescents living with HIV in the African context: An integrative review of mental wellness components

Qualitative Study on the Voices of Adolescents Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Selected Clinics in the Limpopo Province of South Africa

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