The role of Sirtuin 1 in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common multifactor heterogeneous endocrine and metabolic disease in women of childbearing age. PCOS is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by reproductive disorders, metabolic disorders, and mental health problems that seriously impact the physical and mental health of patients. At present, new studies suggest that human evolution leads to the body changes and the surrounding environment mismatch adaptation, but the understanding of the disease is still insufficient, the pathogenesis is still unclear. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of the Sirtuin family, is expressed in various cells and plays a crucial role in cell energy conversion and physiological metabolism. Pathophysiological processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism, inflammation, antioxidant stress and insulin resistance play a crucial role. Moreover, SIRT1 participates in the pathophysiological processes of oxidative stress, autophagy, ovulation disturbance and insulin resistance, which may be a vital link in the occurrence of PCOS. Hence, the study of the role of SIRT1 in the pathogenesis of PCOS and related complications will contribute to a more thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS and supply a basis for the treatment of patients.

Supplementation with NAD+ and its precursors: A rescue of female reproductive diseases

“…AMPK activation significantly upregulates NAMPT expression, which enhances SIRT1 activity [ 58 ]. The AMPK-SIRT1 pathway enhances oocyte and embryo quality through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant effects [ 59 , 60 ]. The co-occurrence of hyperandrogenemia and hyperinsulinemia is one of the major causes of metabolic problems such as insulin resistance in PCOS.…”

A review on the nexus of autophagy genes from the perspective of polycystic ovary syndrome

“…The said data should be interpreted with caution owing to the fact that primordial follicles are formed before birth in humans, but after birth in rodents wherein the experiments were done. The Sirtuin (SIRT1) is an epigenetic inhibitor which can influence the process of germ cell loss (Wu et al., 2022). SIRT1 has a key role in controlling autophagy and hence in reduction of germ cell.…”

Dihydrokaempferol attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in WI-38 cells

“…SIRT1 is an NAD + -dependent deacetylase that acts as an intracellular regulator of transcriptional activity and various protein functions. 22 The protective effect of SIRT1 has been demonstrated in a variety of pathological conditions, including atherosclerosis, 23 neurodegenerative diseases, 24 and cerebral ischemia. 25 Past studies showed that SIRT1 exacerbated pressure overload-induced hypertrophic heart failure by modulating the metabolism of energy.…”