The Role of Sleep Disturbances in Attention Deficit Disorder Symptoms: A Case Study

Dahl, Ronald E.; Pelham, William E.; Wierson, Michelle

doi:10.1093/jpepsy/16.2.229

Cited by 159 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Although available data on the degree to which treatment for insomnia may reduce the risk for daytime consequences are limited in both adolescents and adults, there is some evidence that ADHDlike symptoms improve subsequent to treatment for sleep problems. 45,46 Thus, treatment and prevention of insomnia may be important priorities in adolescent health.…”

Section: Significance Of Insomnia In Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

et al. 2006

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OBJECTIVE. The confluence of sleep/wake cycle and circadian rhythm changes that accompany pubertal development and the social and emotional developmental tasks of adolescence may create a period of substantial risk for development of insomnia. Although poor sleep affects cognitive performance and is associated with poor emotional and physical health, epidemiologic studies among adolescents have been limited. In this first epidemiologic study of insomnia defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria in a US sample of adolescents, we estimated lifetime prevalence of insomnia, examined chronicity and onset, and explored the role of pubertal development. METHODS. Data come from a random sample of 1014 adolescents who were 13 to 16 years of age, selected from households in a 400000-member health maintenance organization encompassing metropolitan Detroit. Response rate was 71.2%. The main outcome measured was DSM-IV–defined insomnia. RESULTS. Lifetime prevalence of insomnia was 10.7%. A total of 88% of adolescents with a history of insomnia reported current insomnia. The median age of onset of insomnia was 11. Of those with insomnia, 52.8% had a comorbid psychiatric disorder. In exploratory analyses of insomnia and pubertal development, onset of menses was associated with a 2.75-fold increased risk for insomnia. There was no difference in risk for insomnia among girls before menses onset relative to boys, but a difference emerged after menses onset. In contrast, maturational development was not associated with insomnia in boys. CONCLUSIONS. Insomnia seems to be common and chronic among adolescents. The often found gender difference in risk for insomnia seems to emerge in association with onset of menses.

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Section: Significance Of Insomnia In Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

et al. 2006

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“…This is noteworthy because sleep duration affects various spheres of child development, such as cognition, 48,49 physical development (BMI), 50,51 and behavior. 52,53 Limitations Some sleep problems that are known to affect children, such as sleep apnea syndrome, restless legs syndrome, and nightmares, were not reviewed in this article. Furthermore, comorbid health problems that could have an influence on dyssomnias or parasomnias were not studied.…”

Section: Rhythmic-movement Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyssomnias and Parasomnias in Early Childhood

et al. 2007

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OBJECTIVES. Our aim for this study was to determine the prevalence of dyssomnias and various parasomnias in early childhood and to describe their temporal evolution, gender differences, and correlates.METHODS. This research is part of a longitudinal study of child development. A randomized, 3-level, stratified survey design was used to study a representative sample of infants who were born in 1997-1998 in the province of Quebec (Canada). When the children were 2.5 years of age, 1997 families agreed to be interviewed. The presence of dyssomnias or parasomnias was obtained from a self-administered questionnaire that was completed by the mother at each round of measures.RESULTS. The percentage of children with frequent night wakings decreased steadily from 36.3% at age 2.5 to 13.2% at age 6. Similarly, the percentage of children who had difficulty falling asleep at night decreased significantly from 16.0% at ages 3.5 and 4 to 10% at age 5 and to 7.4% at age 6. The overall prevalence of each parasomnia for the period studied was as follows: somnambulism, 14.5%; sleep terrors, 39.8%; somniloquy, 84.4%; enuresis, 25.0%; bruxism, 45.6%; and rhythmic movements, 9.2%. Persistent somnambulism at age 6 was significantly correlated with sleep terrors and somniloquy. Persistent sleep terrors at age 6 were also correlated with somniloquy. Finally, persistent sleep terrors at age 6 were correlated with frequent night wakings. Separation anxiety was associated with persistent night wakings and with somnambulism, bruxism, sleep terrors, and somniloquy.CONCLUSIONS. There is a high prevalence of night wakings and sleep-onset difficulties in preschool children. Parasomnias are highly prevalent in early childhood and are associated with separation anxiety. However, they have little impact on sleep duration.www.pediatrics.org/cgi

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“…[81][82][83] For example, there is mounting evidence not only that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is strongly associated with inattention, hyperactivity, impaired "executive" cognitive functioning, and disruptive behaviors in children but also that treatment of SDB results in significant improvement or even complete amelioration of ADHD-related symptoms. 84,85 Likewise, other primary sleep disorders such as restless-legs syndrome (RLS), periodic limb-movement disorder, [86][87][88][89] delayed sleepphase syndrome (DSPS), 90 and narcolepsy 91 may present with ADHD symptomatology.…”

Section: Sleep and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder In Adolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive Sleepiness in Adolescents and Young Adults: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment Strategies

Millman¹

2005

Pediatrics

327

195

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ABSTRACT. Adolescents and young adults are often excessively sleepy. This excessive sleepiness can have a profound negative effect on school performance, cognitive function, and mood and has been associated with other serious consequences such as increased incidence of automobile crashes. In this article we review available scientific knowledge about normal sleep changes in adolescents (13-22 years of age), the factors associated with chronic insufficient sleep, the effect of insufficient sleep on a variety of systems and functions, and the primary sleep disorders or organic dysfunctions that, if untreated, can cause excessive daytime sleepiness in this population. Pediatrics 2005;115:1774-1786; sleep, sleepiness, adolescents, pediatric sleep problems, daytime sleepiness, young adults, circadian rhythm, melatonin, motor vehicle accidents, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, school start times, school performance, obstructive sleep apnea, narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, delayed phase syndrome, insufficient sleep.

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The Role of Sleep Disturbances in Attention Deficit Disorder Symptoms: A Case Study

Cited by 159 publications

References 11 publications

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

Dyssomnias and Parasomnias in Early Childhood

Excessive Sleepiness in Adolescents and Young Adults: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment Strategies

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