The role of social media on COVID-19 preventive behaviors worldwide, systematic review

Abstract

Background The likelihood of COVID-19 spreading from one individual to another is impacted by personal factors, preventive actions taken, and the quantity and length of exposure. Social media instantly shares health information with the public so medical professionals can interact with them. Methods The review used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. We retrieve articles by using keywords on Pub Med, Cochrane Library, and grey literatures. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used to check the quality of articles. The main qualitative synthesis was including comments related to the characteristics of the studied populations, the study period, and the main results obtained from the social media platforms. Result This study includes 32 studies conducted in 20 countries globally. Most of the studies discussed that during the pandemics different types of social medias were utilized to provide knowledge to change the attitude of the people and helps to practices COVID-19 preventive behaviors. By enabling people to seek and share knowledge, socialize, and find pleasure, social media use encourages people to adopt preventive behaviors. This review demonstrated a substantial relationship between higher levels of precautionary behaviors and factors such as educational status, knowledge, fear, and reading medical pages on social media. According to the studies, watching videos is a reliable means to get accurate information, and watching animated films posted on social media can help people learn more about COVID-19 preventive strategies. Conclusion In these urgent times, social media could even help with quick information availability; misinformation or inadequate understanding can cause misunderstandings within the community. This analysis revealed that following medical pages on social media, having knowledge, feeling afraid, and having an educational background were all strongly correlated with greater levels of aware preventive behavior. Therefore, it is advised for policy makers to develop social behavioral change health communication strategies, guidelines on COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Health care providers should prepare health learning materials, and provide accurate, updated and timely information using all forms of social media to correct mis- information, misperceptions, depression, and anxiety for better control of the pandemics. Future research shall focus on evaluating effectiveness of each social media platform interventions during such emergency crisis.