The role of spiking local interneurons in shaping the receptive fields of intersegmental interneurons in the locust

Laurent, Gilles

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.07-09-02977.1987

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The latency of the excitatory PSPs ranged from 1.3 to 2.0 ms and is, therefore consistent with the time for a monosynaptic connection. The latency is similar to that measured between other supposedly direct connections in insect ganglia (Burrows and Siegler 1982;Robertson and Pearson 1985;Selverston et al 1985;Laurent 1987Laurent , 1988. The time to the peak of the delayed hyperpolarization was 5.5_+0.9 ms and had an amplitude of -8.9_+2.5mV (n=4).…”

Section: Intracellular Recordin9 and Staandin9 Of Cell 101supporting

confidence: 82%

White noise analysis of graded response in a wind-sensitive, nonspiking interneuron of the cockroach

et al. 1991

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1. A novel approach using a Gaussian white noise as stimulus is described which allowed quantitative analysis of neuronal responses in the cercal system of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Cerci were stimulated by air displacement which was modulated by a sinusoidal and a white noise signal. During the stimulation, intracellular recordings were made from a uniquely identifiable, nonspiking, local interneuron which locates within the terminal abdominal ganglion. The white noise stimulation was cross-correlated with the evoked response to compute first- and second-order kernels that could define the cell's response dynamics. 2. The interneuron, cell 101, has an exceptionally large transverse neurite that connects two asymmetrical dendritic arborizations located on both sides of the ganglion. 3. The first-order Wiener kernels in cell 101 were biphasic (differentiating). The waveforms of the kernels produced by the ipsilateral and contralateral stimulations were roughly mirror images of each other: the kernels produced by wind stimuli on the side ipsilateral to the cell body of the interneuron are initially depolarized and then hyperpolarized, whereas those on the other side are initially hyperpolarized. The polarity reversal occurred along the midline of the animal's body, and no well-defined kernel was produced by a stimulus directed head on or from the tail. 4. Mean square error (MSE) between the actual response and the model prediction suggests that the linear component in cell 101 comprises half of the cell's total response (MSEs for the linear models were about 50% at preferred directions), whereas the second-order, non-linear component is insignificant. The linear component of the wind-evoked response was bandpass with the preferred frequency of 70-90 Hz. 5. Accounting for a noise, we reasonably assumed that at high frequencies the graded response in cell 101 is linearly related to a modulation of the air displacement and sensitive to the rate of change of the signal (i.e., wind velocity) and the direction of its source. It is suggested that the dynamics of the first-order kernel simply reflect the dynamics of sensory receptors that respond linearly to wind stimulation.

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Section: Intracellular Recordin9 and Staandin9 Of Cell 101supporting

confidence: 82%

White noise analysis of graded response in a wind-sensitive, nonspiking interneuron of the cockroach

et al. 1991

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“…Moreover, a contribution from intersegmental interneurones has yet to be explored. The spiking local interneurones nevertheless shape the inhibitory regions of the receptive fields of at least three classes of neurones: (i) motor neurones (Burrows and Siegler 1982), (ii) intersegmental interneurones (Laurent 1987), (iii) nonspiking local interneurones (Burrows 1987 b;Burrows et al 1988; this paper).…”

Section: Connections Underlying the Tactile Receptive Fields Of Nonspmentioning

confidence: 73%

Direct excitation of nonspiking local interneurones by exteroceptors underlies tactile reflexes in the locust

Laurent

Burrows

1988

J. Comp. Physiol.

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Summary. Tactile stimulation of a leg of the locustSehistocerca gregaria can lead to specific reflex movements of that leg. At the same time nonspiking interneurones that are presynaptic to the participating motor neurones are excited or inhibited, suggesting that they are directly involved in these reflexes. The afferent pathways mediating these effects have been examined by recording from individual afferents and nonspiking interneurones. Afferent spikes from trichoid or campaniform sensilla on specific regions of a leg evoke chemically-mediated EPSPs with a constant central latency of about 1.5 ms in certain nonspiking interneurones. The branches of an interneurone and the afferents from which it receives inputs overlap in the neuropil of the ganglion.No afferents have been found to evoke IPSPs directly in the nonspiking interneurones. Instead the inhibition is caused by a population of spiking local interneurones that are themselves excited directly by the afferents, and whose spikes evoke IPSPs in certain nonspiking interneurones.The tactile reflexes can involve movements about one or more joints of the leg, and these coordinated responses are explained by the participation of specific nonspiking interneurones that distribute the sensory inputs to the appropriate sets of motor neurones. For example, when hairs on the dorsal surface of a tarsus are touched, the tarsus is levated. This reflex involves nonspiking local interneurones which are excited directly by these hair afferents and which make direct excitatory connections with the single levator tarsi motor neurone.

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“…Previous work has revealed the numbers and identities for most of the key components responsible for the generation of movement as well as the feedback loops necessary to maintain its adaptiveness (Berkowitz and Laurent 1996;Bräunig 1985;Bräunig and Eder 1998;Burrows 1982Burrows , 1987aBurrows ,b, 1988Burrows and Pflüger 1986;Field and Burrows 1982). Spiking local interneurons play an important role in reflex loops controlling the leg by integrating sensory information from the chordotonal organ and other sensory receptors and synapsing onto nonspiking local interneurons (Burrows 1987a), projection interneurons (Laurent 1987), and motor neurons (Burrows 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coding Characteristics of Spiking Local Interneurons During Imposed Limb Movements in the Locust

Vidal-Gadea¹,

Jing

Simpson

et al. 2010

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Newland PL. Coding characteristics of spiking local interneurons during imposed limb movements in the locust. J Neurophysiol 103: 603-615, 2010. First published December 2, 2009 doi:10.1152/jn.00510.2009. The performance of adaptive behavior relies on continuous sensory feedback to produce relevant modifications to central motor patterns. The femoral chordotonal organ (FeCO) of the legs of the desert locust monitors the movements of the tibia about the femoro-tibial joint. A ventral midline population of spiking local interneurons in the metathoracic ganglia integrates inputs from the FeCO. We used a Wiener kernel cross-correlation method combined with a Gaussian white noise stimulation of the FeCO to completely characterize and model the output dynamics of the ventral midline population of interneurons. A wide range of responses were observed, and interneurons could be classified into three broad groups that received excitatory and inhibitory or principally inhibitory or excitatory synaptic inputs from the FeCO. Interneurons that received mixed inputs also had the greatest linear responses but primarily responded to extension of the tibia and were mostly sensitive to stimulus velocity. Interneurons that received principally inhibitory inputs were sensitive to extension and to joint position. A small group of interneurons received purely excitatory synaptic inputs and were also sensitive to tibial extension. In addition to capturing the linear and nonlinear dynamics of this population of interneurons, first-and second-order Wiener kernels revealed that the dynamics of the interneurons in the population were graded and formed a spectrum of responses whereby the activity of many cells appeared to be required to adequately describe a particular stimulus characteristic, typical of population coding.

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The role of spiking local interneurons in shaping the receptive fields of intersegmental interneurons in the locust

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

White noise analysis of graded response in a wind-sensitive, nonspiking interneuron of the cockroach

White noise analysis of graded response in a wind-sensitive, nonspiking interneuron of the cockroach

Direct excitation of nonspiking local interneurones by exteroceptors underlies tactile reflexes in the locust

Coding Characteristics of Spiking Local Interneurons During Imposed Limb Movements in the Locust

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