The role of “spillover” in antibiotic resistance

Olesen, Scott W.; Lipsitch, Marc; Grad, Yonatan H.

doi:10.1101/536714

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…Olesen et al indeed showed that spillover can happen at large geographical scales, weakening observed global antibiotic consumption-resistance associations. 24 Warm temperatures were found to be significantly associated with ABR rates only for Enterobacterales, namely E. coli and K. pneumoniae in the multivariable analysis. This is consistent with previous ecological studies from smaller datasets in the United States and in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Worldwide antibiotic resistance dynamics: how different is it from one drug-bug pair to another?

Rahbé

Watier

Guillemot

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major concern for global health. However, factors driving its emergence and dissemination are not fully understood. Identification of such factors is crucial to explain heterogeneity in ABR rates observed across space, time and species and antibiotics. Methods We analyzed count data of resistant isolates from 51 countries over 2006-2019 for nine drug-bug pairs from the surveillance database ATLAS. We characterized ABR spatial and temporal patterns and used a mixed-effect negative binomial model, accounting for country-year dependences with random effects (RE), to investigate associations with potential drivers including antibiotic sales, economic and health indicators, meteorological data, population density and tourism. Findings ABR patterns were strongly country and drug-bug pair dependent. In 2019, median ABR rates ranged from 6,3% for carbapenem-resistant (CR) Klebsiella pneumoniae to 72,3% for CR-Acinetobacter baumannii, with heterogeneity across countries (up to 50,2% of interquartile range for CR-A. baumannii). Over 2006-2019, carbapenem resistance was on the rise in >75% of investigated countries but no global trend was observed for other resistances. Multivariable analyses identified significant associations of ABR with antibiotic sales, but only in fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli, CR-A. baumannii and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae; with temperature in investigated Enterobacterales but not in other drug-bug pairs; and with the health system quality for most drug-bug pairs, except in Enterococci and S. pneumoniae. Despite wide consideration of possible explanatory variables, drug-bug pairs still showed high spatial RE variance. Interpretation These results reflect the diversity found among human bacterial pathogens and stress the difficulty to generalize global antibiotic resistance findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Olesen et al indeed showed that spillover can happen at large geographical scales, weakening observed global antibiotic consumption-resistance associations. 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide antibiotic resistance dynamics: how different is it from one drug-bug pair to another?

Rahbé

Watier

Guillemot

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Due to the abuse of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to public health [59]. Discovery of natural products represents a compelling solution.…”

Section: Anti-bacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a better understanding of Fagopyrum dibotrys: a systematic review

Zhang

Sheng

et al. 2021

Chin Med

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Fagopyrum dibotrys (F. dibotrys) (D.Don) H.Hara is a well-known edible herbal medicine in Asian countries. It has been widely used for the treatment of lung diseases, swelling, etc., and is also an important part of many Chinese medicine prescriptions. At present, more than 100 compounds have been isolated and identified from F. dibotrys, and these compounds can be primarily divided into flavonoids, phenols, terpenes, steroids, and fatty acids. Flavonoids and phenolic compounds are considered to be the main active ingredients of F. dibotrys. Previous pharmacological studies have shown that F. dibotrys possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-diabetic activities. Additional studies on functional genes have led to a better understanding of the metabolic pathways and regulatory factors related with the flavonoid active ingredients in F. dibotrys. In this paper, we systemically reviewed the research advances on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of F. dibotrys, as well as the functional genes related to the synthesis of active ingredients, aiming to promote the development and utilization of F. dibotrys.

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“…Any use of antimicrobials causes a selective pressure that favors resistant bacteria (Olesen et al, 2020). Hence, the global use and misuse of antibiotic drugs makes antimicrobial resistance (AMR) a growing problem, which is frequently reported in scientific literature and media outlets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of Resistant Escherichia coli Among Wild Birds, Rodents, Flies, and Calves on Dairy Farms

et al. 2022

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria in the livestock is a growing problem, partly due to inappropriate use of antimicrobial drugs. Antimicrobial use (AMU) occurs in Swedish dairy farming but is restricted to the treatment of sick animals based on prescription by a veterinary practitioner. Despite these strict rules, calves shedding antimicrobial resistant Enterobacteriaceae have been recorded both in dairy farms and in slaughterhouses. Yet, not much is known how these bacteria disseminate into the local environment around dairy farms. In this study, we collected samples from four animal sources (fecal samples from calves, birds and rodents, and whole flies) and two environmental sources (cow manure drains and manure pits). From the samples, Escherichia coli was isolated and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed. A subset of isolates was whole genome sequenced to evaluate relatedness between sources and genomic determinants such as antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and the presence of plasmids were assessed. We detected both ARGs, mobile genetic elements and low rates of AMR. In particular, we observed four potential instances of bacterial clonal sharing in two different animal sources. This demonstrates resistant E. coli dissemination potential within the dairy farm, between calves and scavenger animals (rodents and flies). AMR dissemination and the zoonotic AMR risk is generally low in countries with low and restricted AMU. However, we show that interspecies dissemination does occur, and in countries that have little to no AMU restrictions this risk could be under-estimated.

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The role of “spillover” in antibiotic resistance

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Worldwide antibiotic resistance dynamics: how different is it from one drug-bug pair to another?

Worldwide antibiotic resistance dynamics: how different is it from one drug-bug pair to another?

Towards a better understanding of Fagopyrum dibotrys: a systematic review

Dissemination of Resistant Escherichia coli Among Wild Birds, Rodents, Flies, and Calves on Dairy Farms

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