The role of Street condition and forms on the amount of carbon emissions released from vehicles

Abstract

In the last two decades, the percentage volume of carbon emissions has increased from 280 to more than 380 parts per million in the atmosphere, the problem is that it is still increasing daily in which it caused many environmental hazard that has been seen the last couple of years. The end of this century, It is expected that the uncontrolled amount of emissions emitted to the atmosphere will increase the surface temperature of plant earth by 3.4ºC. Worldwide, the percentage of carbon emissions in the atmosphere and its effect on air quality has been the main concern of scientist and researchers in the past decade. Egypt, is one of the biggest emitters that surfer from atmospheric pollution, almost 24% of the atmosphere pollutants in Egypt is from the transportation sector due to the heavy use of fossil fuels. Reducing the roads carbon emissions through streets design and form is the main scope of this research. This research intend to control the amount of carbon emission released in air by vehicles through controlling vehicles speed and motion which is effected by the street design and form. The presented research analysis the relation between carbon emissions and streets condition and forms, through measuring the amount of CO2 and CO emission produced in one of the Egyptian roads from different types of vehicles in road with three different conditions. El-Shuhada Street has been chosen to be the study area of this research. The researchers used Testo 315-3 to measure the Carbon emissions in the street and to identify the relation between CO2 emission and street condition and form. The results reveled that straight routes with vehicale speeds ranged between 80 to 100 kn/h produces less carbon emissions then straight routes with street bumps and vehicle speed ranged between 26 to 19 km/h. Moreover, curved routes emitted more emission than straight routes

Reducing carbon emissions in Egyptian roads through improving the streets quality

“…The Egyptian government set a new strategy to reduce their emissions and preserve the environment. The government started to think green by generating energy using renewable sources and converting cars to move with natural gas instead of benzene as an approach to reduce road emissions (Maged et al, 2022;Moussa, 2021).…”

“…Egypt has a high population density, and most people depend on private cars as their basic means of transportation (Moussa, 2021). Moreover, Egypt has a poor traffic management system; this is probably the most important cause of congestion.…”

“…Fuel consumption increases by up to 3% for an average light commercial vehicle and by 4% for a medium-sized passenger car for an IRI value of 5 mm/m compared to a reference IRI D 2 mm/m surface. The roughness of roads affects travel time, leading to an increase in the fuel consumption of vehicles (Moussa, 2021).…”

“…The main concern of this research is that the level of air pollution in Egyptian roads is increasing due to the heavy use of fossil fuels in roads, poor street quality, and poor design of streetscapes. This research suggests that streetscape elements and design can help cities meet the environmental challenges of the planet, including climate change and global warming (Moussa, 2021;Rehan, 2013).…”

“…Global carbon dioxide emissions increased from 0 in 1850 to 32,500 million metric tonnes in 2010, and it is expected to reach 39,000 million metric tonnes by 2030 (CDIAC, 2017). According to the statistics, almost a quarter of carbon emissions are produced by the transportation sector (Moussa, 2019b(Moussa, , 2021. The main concern of this research is that the level of air pollution in Egyptian roads is increasing due to the heavy use of fossil fuels in roads, poor street quality, and poor design of streetscapes.…”