The Role of Subsurface Flow in Hillslope and Stream Bank Erosion: A Review

Fox, Garey A.; Wilson, George Grafton

doi:10.2136/sssaj2009.0319

Cited by 202 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 73 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

170

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The seepage from the subsurface flow to the stream channels unlike earlier application of the model (Tilahun et al, 2013a), base and interflow have a small sediment concentration early in the rainy phase (Fox et al, 2007;Fox and Wilson, 2010;Tebebu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Ped's Sediment Modulementioning

confidence: 77%

Calculating the sediment budget of a tropical lake in the Blue Nile basin: Lake Tana

Zimale

Mogus

Alemu

et al. 2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soil erosion decreases soil fertility of the uplands and causes siltation of lakes and reservoirs. However, very little data exists to quantify accurately the impact of sediment on lakes in tropical monsoonal areas in the African highlands. Lake Tana is one of these lakes in Ethiopia. The objective of this study is to quantify the sediment budget for Lake Tana watershed with limited observational data. To overcome these limitations we use the Parameter Efficient Distributed (PED) model that has shown to perform well in the Ethiopian highlands. PED model parameters are calibrated using daily discharge data and 20 sediment concentration infrequently measured for establishing sediment rating curves for the major rivers. The calibrated model parameters are then used to predict the sediment budget for the period 1994-2009. Sediment retained in the lake is calculated from two bathymetric taken 15 years apart and the sediment leaving the lake is based on measured discharge and observed sediment concentrations. Results show that annually on average 34 Mg/ha/year of sediment is removed from the gauged part of the Lake Tana watersheds. Depending on the up scaling method, 14 to 32 Mg/ha/year is transported from the 25 watershed of which 82% to 96% (with the upper estimate more likely) is trapped on the floodplains and in the lake.

show abstract

Section: Ped's Sediment Modulementioning

confidence: 77%

Calculating the sediment budget of a tropical lake in the Blue Nile basin: Lake Tana

Zimale

Mogus

Alemu

et al. 2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mechanism of the impact of soil moisture content on soil erosion has yet to be fully understood but studies have reported the influence of subsurface seepage forces on soil stability and the decrease of critical shear stress [58,60,62]. These forces can cause side walls to slide and channel to meander.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Ephemeral Gully Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Intra-Storm Soil Moisture and Runoff Characteristics on Ephemeral Gully Development: Evidence from a No-Till Field Study

Karimov

Sheshukov

2017

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ephemeral gully erosion, prevalent on agricultural landscapes of the Great Plains, is recognized as a large source of soil loss and a substantial contributor to the sedimentation of small ponds and large reservoirs. Multi-seasonal field studies can provide needed information on ephemeral gully development and its relationship to physical factors associated with field characteristics, rainfall patterns, runoff hydrograph, and management practices. In this study, an ephemeral gully on a no-till cultivated crop field in central Kansas, U.S., was monitored in 2013 and 2014. Data collection included continuous sub-hourly precipitation, soil moisture, soil temperature, and 15 field surveys of cross-sectional profiles in the headcut and channelized parts of the gully. Rainfall excess from a contributing catchment was calculated with the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model for all storm events and validated on channel flow measurements. Twelve significant runoff events with hydraulic shear stresses higher than the critical value were identified to potentially cause soil erosion in three out of fourteen survey periods. Analysis of shear stress imposed by peak channel flow on soil surface, antecedent soil moisture condition, and channel shape at individual events provided the basis on which to extend the definition of the critical shear stress function by incorporating the intra-storm changes in soil moisture content. One potential form of this function was suggested and tested with collected data. Similar field studies in other agriculturally-dominated areas and laboratory experiments can develop datasets for a better understanding of the physical mechanisms associated with ephemeral gully progression.

show abstract

“…The soil-water pressure, seepage gradient forces, and the soil particle movement in relation to seepage erosion were the focus of previous studies [1,2]. Among these factors, seepage erosion is the predominant failure mechanism causing incidents in dams and streambanks [3,4], being responsible for approximately 50% of the failures [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theoretical Model to Predict the Critical Hydraulic Gradient for Soil Particle Movement under Two-Dimensional Seepage Flow

Huang

Bai

et al. 2017

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The soil particle movement under seepage flow is one of the predominant mechanisms responsible for incidents and failures of dams and streambanks. However, little attention has been paid to the critical hydraulic gradient under two-dimensional (2-D) seepage flow. In this study, a theoretical model was established under 2-D seepage flow to predict the critical hydraulic gradients for soil particle movement. In this model, the sediment particle rolling theory was used, while taking into account the relative exposure degree of the soil grains and the seepage direction. The model was validated through qualitative analysis and comparison with previous data, and showed considerable superiority over Terzaghi's model. In addition, the effect of the soil internal instability, implying that the critical hydraulic gradient of unstable soil is lower than that of stable soil, was discussed. Various parameters of the model were also analyzed. The results showed that the seepage direction angle was positively related to the critical gradient, whereas the void and the mean diameter of the soil were negatively related to it. Finally, the model proposes a calculation method for the particle movement initiation probability, which is regarded as a key parameter in the sediment transport model.

show abstract

The Role of Subsurface Flow in Hillslope and Stream Bank Erosion: A Review

Cited by 202 publications

References 73 publications

Calculating the sediment budget of a tropical lake in the Blue Nile basin: Lake Tana

Calculating the sediment budget of a tropical lake in the Blue Nile basin: Lake Tana

Effects of Intra-Storm Soil Moisture and Runoff Characteristics on Ephemeral Gully Development: Evidence from a No-Till Field Study

A Theoretical Model to Predict the Critical Hydraulic Gradient for Soil Particle Movement under Two-Dimensional Seepage Flow

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About