The role of technology innovation, renewable energy and globalization in reducing environmental degradation in Pakistan: A step towards sustainable environment

RETRACTED ARTICLE: How do environmental regulations affect carbon emission and energy efficiency patterns? A provincial-level analysis of Chinese energy-intensive industries

“…Second, corporate managers' environmental consciousness should be recognized as a significant internal impetus for fair use of slack capital to encourage businesses to effectively pursue their environmental obligations (Forrester andReames 2020, Jun et al 2020). By embedding the environmental management scheme, business owners will improve the oversight and rewards of enterprise administrators, as well as correctly directing managers to effectively assume environmental conservation obligations and spend slack capital in environmental protection programs (Chien et al 2021a;Chien et al 2021e;Zhang et al 2021c). Third, this essay emphasizes the value of identifying and judging the various life cycles of an organization and proposes that organizations should follow environmental management strategies appropriate for their internal and external environments, enhancing the critical function of internal governance capacities in achieving long-term development (Anke et al 2020).…”

Modeling the Dynamic Linkage between Renewable Energy Consumption, Globalization, and Environmental Degradation in South Korea: Does Technological Innovation Matter?

“…Therefore, the current research utilized Zivot and Andrews' unit root test to catch a series unit root and a single break. Following the studies of He et al [4] for Mexico, Oluwajana et al [27] for South Africa, and Chien et al [36] for Pakistan, the current research assesses the influence of technological innovation and renewable energy use on CO 2 emissions. This study takes a step further by incorporating globalization into their model.…”

Testing green fiscal policies for green investment, innovation and green productivity amid the COVID-19 era

“…On the other hand, subsidies from the federal and state governments help renewable energy firms attract financial resources while enriching other streams of cash and creating financial capital gaps in project profitability, particularly where sources outside of the traditional banking system cannot be relied on (Ikram et al 2019a , 2019b ; Sun et al 2019 ). Additionally, governmental subsidies for renewable energy firms serve as a market signal for financial institutions that indicate industrial investment opportunities, lower debt interest rates and show the operational and total efficiency of renewable energy firms (Chien et al 2021b ).…”

“…Therefore, analysts began to look at bottom-up and out-of-of-equilibrium models, which deal with diverse climate change sources of structural danger, including the economy and money. They suggest that a new kind of macroeconomic model could be developed that better considers feedback loops between ecosystems and the whole economy, while Chien et al ( 2021b ), Li et al ( 2021b ) and Iqbal et al ( 2021 ) emphasized the need for a micro-level model in ecological models that is in line with financial systems.…”