The role of the combination of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and demineralized freeze-dried bovine bone xenograft (xenograft) as tooth extraction socket preservation materials on osteocalcin and transforming growth factor-beta 1 expressions in alveolar bone of Cavia cobaya

Abstract

Aim: Alveolar bone resorption, often occurring after tooth extraction, can be minimized through socket preservation. This process uses a combination of Moringa leaf extract and demineralized freeze-dried bovine bone xenograft (DFDBBX) that is expected to generate both transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) expressions as a transcription factor associated with osteoblast differentiation and osteocalcin accelerating alveolar bone formation. This research aimed to analyze the role of the combination of Moringa leaf extract and DFDBBX induced in socket preservation when generating TGF-β1 and osteocalcin expressions. Materials and Methods: The left mandibular incisors of 56 Cavia cobaya were extracted and divided into four groups subjected to different socket preservation treatments. The first group treated with polyethylene glycol, the second group with DFDBBX, the third group with Moringa leaf extract, and the fourth group with a combination of DFDBBX and Moringa leaf extract. The C. cobaya were examined on days 7 and 30, after which the specimens were sacrificed and examined using an immunohistochemical technique. The resulting data were then analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's honestly significant difference tests. Results: There was a significant difference in TGF-β1 and osteocalcin expressions between the groups ( P < 0.05). The highest mean amount of TGF-β1 and osteocalcin was found in the fourth group on both days 7 and 30. Conclusions: The combination of Moringa leaf extract and DFDBBX can effectively generate TGF-β1 and osteocalcin expressions during the preservation of tooth extraction sockets.

Improvements of alveolar bone healing using Moringa oleifera leaf powder and extract biomimetic composite: an experimental study in dogs

“…Going into some details, the MO leaf extract increased alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen type I expression, osteocalcin and transforming growth factor beta (TGF B ) expressions (responsible for deposition of bone matrix ), besides it decreased number of Rankle expression . 1,24,29,31,32 Moreover, a study conducted on upper central extraction socket in a rat model 2018 using mate tea intra-gastric lavage concluded positive effects on alveolar healing at 28 days postoperatively. 4 Our study uniquely used high concentration of water extract (11.7%) suggested to be comparable to ethanol osteoprotective property.…”

“…However, there use is still doubtful because it can interfere with healing process. 1,2 Natural materials have the advantages to be cheap, biocompatible and available. Several herbs could be used for decreasing inflammatory response and stimulating bone healing.…”

“…[14][15][16][17] Polyphenols and flavonoids (phytochemicals) were the main chemical ingredient in M. oleifera leaves, which proved stimulant effects on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, besides inhibitory effect on osteoclasts. 1 The Moringa leaf extract has indirect osteoinductive properties because of its numerous polyphenolic contents (Table: 1,2) 6 . As a result, the number of osteoclasts will decrease, and subsequently bone resorption decreases and bone formation progresses.…”

Immunohistochemical analysis of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth seeded in carbonate apatite scaffold for the alveolar bone defect in Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus)

“…There have been many attempts to overcome alveolar bone defects, such as bone grafts, platelet rich fibrin (PRF), mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoetic stem cells, and herbal medicine [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . Bone grafts are still not effective; therefore, alternative tissue engineering approaches are required 24 .…”

“…Meanwhile, RANKL / OPG ratio are well-known as markers that can be used to predict the success of bone remodeling. Some growth factors are secreted by SHED, such as TGF-β and VEGF, which have an important role in supporting bone formation and controlling the inflammation process [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][32][33][34] .…”