The Role of the CREB Protein Family Members and the Related Transcription Factors in Radioresistance Mechanisms

Abstract

In the framework of space flight, the risk of radiation carcinogenesis is considered a “red” risk due to the high likelihood of occurrence as well as the high potential impact on the quality of life in terms of disease-free survival after space missions. The cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is overexpressed both in haematological malignancies and solid tumours and its expression and function are modulated following irradiation. The CREB protein is a transcription factor and member of the CREB/activating transcription factor (ATF) family. As such, it has an essential role in a wide range of cell processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Among the CREB-related nuclear transcription factors, NF-κB and p53 have a relevant role in cell response to ionising radiation. Their expression and function can decide the fate of the cell by choosing between death or survival. The aim of this review was to define the role of the CREB/ATF family members and the related transcription factors in the response to ionising radiation of human haematological malignancies and solid tumours.

mTORC2 orchestrates monocytic and granulocytic lineage commitment by an ATF5-mediated pathway

“…Recent studies have suggested that ATF5 plays important roles in cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. 41 , 42 To verify the idea that ATF5 may be involved in the impaired differentiation of Rictor-deleted myeloid progenitors, the sorted WT LSKs were subjected to nucleofection with Cas9 protein and either ATF5 single guide RNA (sgRNA) or negative control sgRNA. The progenitors were then cultured in the presence of IL-3, IL-6, and M-CSF for 5-6 days.…”

PFDN4 as a Prognostic Marker Was Associated with Chemotherapy Resistance through CREBP1/AURKA Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

“…CREB is a basic region transcription factor because it possesses a leucine zipper domain (bZIP) that promotes dimerization and mediates its binding to DNA. Among them, CREBP1 (also known as ATF-2) is a highly homologous protein and also has a bZIP structure [18]. As a first step, we investigated whether PFDN4 has the ability to regulate AURKA expression.…”

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutations in both a cAMP response element and an ETS-binding site suppress FLT1 gene expression

“…1B, a putative motif for the cAMP response element (CRE) with a consensus sequence of 5′-TGACGTCA-3′ [22][23][24] was found from −83 to −76 in the FLT1 5′-flanking region. The cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)/activated transcription factor (ATF) family that binds to the CRE motif is known to play important roles in cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and adaptive responses [25,26]. To determine whether CRE is important for FLT1 promoter activity, pFLT1-Luc (−90/+8) containing one mutated CRE was transfected into the four trophoblast cell lines.…”