The role of the frontal ganglion and corpora cardiaca/corpora allata complex in post‐feeding weight loss in adult <i>Heliothis zea</i>

Bushman, David W.; Nelson, Jonathan D.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1990.tb00515.x

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Food was reported to accumulate in the foregut, and fecal output was markedly reduced [30, and references therein]. Similar results were reported in Lepidoptera, including adult Heliothis zea [78] and M. sexta larvae [79]. Overall, from these multiple studies, one can deduce that the insect FG is instrumental in passing food through the foregut and in crop emptying.…”

Section: The Role Of the Frontal Ganglion In The Control Of Feeding-rsupporting

confidence: 71%

The Insect Frontal Ganglion and Stomatogastric Pattern Generator Networks

Ayali¹

2004

Neurosignals

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Insect neural networks have been widely and successfully employed as model systems in the study of the neural basis of behavior. The insect frontal ganglion is a principal part of the stomatogastric nervous system and is found in most insect orders. The frontal ganglion constitutes a major source of innervation to foregut muscles and plays a key role in the control of foregut movements. Following a brief description of the anatomy and development of the system in different insect groups, this review presents the current knowledge of the way neural networks in the insect frontal ganglion generate and control behavior. The frontal ganglion is instrumental in two distinct and fundamental insect behaviors: feeding and molting. Central pattern-generating circuit(s) within the frontal ganglion generates foregut rhythmic motor patterns. The frontal ganglion networks can be modulated in-vitro by several neuromodulators to generate a variety of motor outputs. Chemical modulation as well as sensory input from the gut and input from other neural centers enable the frontal ganglion to induce foregut rhythmic patterns under different physiological conditions. Frontal ganglion neurons themselves are also an important source of neurosecretion. The neurosecretory material from the frontal ganglion can control and modulate motor patterns of muscles of the alimentary canal. The current and potential future importance of the insect stomatogastric nervous system and frontal ganglion in the study of the neural mechanisms of behavior are discussed.

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Section: The Role Of the Frontal Ganglion In The Control Of Feeding-rsupporting

confidence: 71%

The Insect Frontal Ganglion and Stomatogastric Pattern Generator Networks

Ayali¹

2004

Neurosignals

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“…Feeding and crop motility are controlled by the stomatogastric nervous system (Penzlin, 1985), and central to this system is the frontal ganglion, which, in Lepidoptera, controls the muscles of the foregut (Bushman and Nelson, 1990;Booker, 1994, 1998). Muscular activity of the foregut of larval Lepidoptera is regulated by the myoinhibitory allatostatins and myostimulatory allatotropin, which work together antagonistically (Duve et al, 1999(Duve et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo effects of myo‐active peptides on larvae of the tomato moth Lacanobia oleracea and the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae)

Matthews¹,

Audsley²,

Weaver³

2008

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Neuropeptides from five different neuropeptide families [Manduca sexta allatostatin (Manse-AS), and Manse-AS deletion analogue(5-15), M. sexta allatotropin (Manse-AT), leucomyosuppressin, perisulfakinin, and myoinhibitory peptide I (MIP I)] were assayed for their ability to affect the development and food consumption of penultimate and last larval instars of two lepidopteran species, L. oleracea and S. littoralis. Injections of Manse-AS deletion analogue(5-15), Manse-AT, perisulfakinin, and MIP I had no observable effects on development, food consumption, or mortality compared to controls. Single injections of Manse-AS significantly reduced the weight gain and increased mortality of L. oleracea and S. littoralis larvae compared to controls. By contrast, feeding Manse-AS to L. oleracea had no such effects. These differences were probably due to the degradation of the peptide by digestive enzymes in the foregut of L. oleracea. In studies in vitro, perisulfakinin, and MIP I had no effect on the spontaneous foregut contractions of L. oleracea larvae. Leucomyosuppressin, however, had myoinhibitory effects on the foregut. Single injections of leucomyosuppressin significantly reduced the weight gain and food consumption of L. oleracea and S. littoralis larvae and increased mortality. These data suggest that the deleterious effects observed in vivo were due to the myoinhibition by Manse-AS and leucomyosuppressin of the normal peristaltic movements of the gut either by the intact peptide or by its cleavage products resulting from degradation in the haemolymph.

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“…Larvae in which the recurrent nerve from the FG was cut showed possible deficits in salivation or foregut emptying (Timmins and Reynolds 1992). Removing the FG from adult Heliothus zea produced deficits in crop-emptying (Bushman and Nelson 1990). Studies on a finer level, such as determining which muscles may be controlled by the FG, have been lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the frontal ganglion in foregut movements of the moth, Manduca sexta

Miles

Booker

1994

J Comp Physiol A

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Two types of rhythmic foregut movements are described in fifth instar larvae of the moth, Manduca sexta. These consist of posteriorly-directed waves of peristalsis which move food toward the midgut, and synchronous constrictions of the esophageal region, which appear to retain food within the crop. We describe these movements and the muscles of the foregut that generate them.The firing patterns of a subset of these muscles, including a constrictor and dilator pair from both the esophageal and buccal regions of the foregut, are described for both types of foregut movement.The motor patterns for the foregut muscles require innervation by the frontal ganglion (FG), which lies anterior to the brain and contains about 35 neurons. Eliminating the ventral nerve cord, leaving the brain and FG intact, did not affect the muscle firing patterns in most cases. Eliminating both the brain and the ventral nerve cord, leaving only the FG to innervate the foregut, generally resulted in an increased period for both gut movements and muscle bursts. This manipulation also produced increases in burst durations for most muscles, and had variable effects on the phasing of muscle activity. Despite these changes, the foregut muscles still maintained a rhythmic firing pattern when innervated by the FG alone.Two nerves exit the FG to innervate the foregut musculature: the anteriorly-projecting frontal nerve, and the posteriorly-directed recurrent nerve. Cutting the frontal nerve immediately and irreversibly stopped all muscle activity in the buccal region, while cutting the recurrent nerve immediately stopped all muscle activity in the pharyngeal and esophageal regions. Recordings from the cut nerves leaving the FG showed that the ganglion was Abbreviations: BC, Buccal Constrictor; BC 1, buccal constrictor motoneuron 1; BC2, buccal constrictor motoneuron 2; BD, Buccal Dilator; BD1, buccal dilator motoneuron 1; EC, Esophageal Dilator; EC1, esophageal dilator motoneuron l; EC2, esophageal dilator motoneuron 2; EC3, esophageal dilator motoneuron 3; ejp, excitatory j unction potential; FG, frontal ganglion; psp, postsynaptic potential Correspondence to: C.I. Miles spontaneously active, with rhythmic activity continuing within the nerves. These observations indicate that all of the foregut muscle motoneurons are located within the FG, and the FG in isolation produces a rhythmic firing pattern in the motoneurons. We have identified several motoneurons within the FG, by cobalt backfills and/or simultaneous intracellular recordings and fills from putative motoneurons and their muscles.

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The role of the frontal ganglion and corpora cardiaca/corpora allata complex in post‐feeding weight loss in adult Heliothis zea

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

The Insect Frontal Ganglion and Stomatogastric Pattern Generator Networks

The Insect Frontal Ganglion and Stomatogastric Pattern Generator Networks

In vitro and in vivo effects of myo‐active peptides on larvae of the tomato moth Lacanobia oleracea and the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae)

The role of the frontal ganglion in foregut movements of the moth, Manduca sexta

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