The Role of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Metabolic Control of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review

Tosatti, Jéssica Abdo Gonçalves; Alves, Michelle Teodoro; Gomes, Karina Braga

doi:10.1007/5584_2020_513

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Both insulin levels and HOMA-IR are indicators of insulin resistance. In a narrative review, Tosatti et al concluded that adherence to a Mediterranean diet, known as a vitamin-E-rich diet, beneficially affects insulin resistance and glucose metabolism in patients with T2DM [64]. In Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Asbaghi

Nazarian

Yousefi

et al. 2023

Nutr J

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Since a 2014 meta-analysis, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic indices and insulin resistance in adults with diabetes have reached inconsistent conclusions. Therefore, we updated the previous meta-analysis to summarize the current evidence in this regard. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies published up to September 30, 2021, using relevant keywords. Random-effects models were used to obtain overall mean difference (MD) comparing vitamin E intake with a control group. In total, 38 RCTs with a total sample size of 2171 diabetic patients (1110 in vitamin E groups and 1061 in control groups) were included. Combining the results from 28 RCTs on fasting blood glucose, 32 RCTs on HbA1c, 13 RCTs on fasting insulin, and 9 studies on homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) showed a summary MD of -3.35 mg/dL (95% CI: -8.10 to 1.40, P = 0.16), -0.21% (95% CI: -0.33 to -0.09, P = 0.001), -1.05 µIU/mL (95% CI: -1.53 to -0.58, P < 0.001), and -0.44 (95% CI: -0.82 to -0.05, P = 0.02), respectively. This indicates a significant lowering effect of vitamin E on HbA1c, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, while no significant effect on fasting blood glucose in diabetic patients. However, in subgroup analyses, we found that vitamin E intake significantly reduced fasting blood glucose in studies with an intervention duration of < 10 weeks. In conclusion, vitamin E intake has a beneficial role in improving HbA1c and insulin resistance in a population with diabetes. Moreover, short-term interventions with vitamin E have resulted in lower fasting blood glucose in these patients. This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO with code CRD42022343118.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Asbaghi

Nazarian

Yousefi

et al. 2023

Nutr J

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“…Apart from improvements in glucose metabolism and body weight, MD can beneficially affect other cardiovascular risk factors, including lipids as triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and blood pressure (BP), in patients with type 2 diabetes [ 59 ]. For example, among 2568 patients with type 2 diabetes, those with a high MD score had significantly lower LDL-C (101.5 ± 31.2 vs. 105.1 ± 31.9 mg/dL), TG (146.7 ± 71.0 vs. 156.2 ± 78.6 mg/dL), systolic BP (133.3 ± 23.7 vs. 135.3 ± 14.9 mmHg), and diastolic BP (78.6 ± 8.5 vs. 80.7 ± 8.7 mmHg), as well as higher HDL-C (46.8 ± 12.4 vs. 45.3 ± 11.6 mg/dL) than those with a low MD score [ 60 ].…”

Section: Mediterranean Diet and Cardiometabolic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence?

Muscogiuri

Verde²,

Sulu

et al. 2022

Curr Obes Rep

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Purpose of Review Obesity is a chronic disease, a major public health problem due to its association with non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Indeed, people with obesity are at increased risk for a variety of obesity-related disorders including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and several cancers. Many popular diets with very different macronutrient composition, including the Mediterranean diet (MD), have been used, proposed, and studied for prevention and management of obesity. In particular, MD has been the subject of countless studies over the years and now boasts a large body of scientific literature. In this review, we aimed to update current knowledge by summarizing the most recent evidence on the effect of MD on obesity and obesity-related disorders. Recent Findings The negative effects of obesity are partly reversed by substantial weight loss that can be achieved with MD, especially when low-calorie and in combination with adequate physical activity. In addition, the composition of MD has been correlated with an excellent effect on reducing dyslipidemia. It also positively modulates the gut microbiota and immune system, significantly decreasing inflammatory mediators, a common ground for many obesity-related disorders. Summary People with obesity are at increased risk for a variety of medical disorders including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, there is an inevitable need for measures to manage obesity and its related disorders. At this point, MD has been proposed as a valuable nutritional intervention. It is characterized by a high consumption of vegetables, fruit, nuts, cereals, whole grains, and extra virgin olive oil, as well as a moderate consumption of fish and poultry, and a limited intake of sweets, red meat, and dairy products. MD proves to be the healthiest dietary pattern available to tackle obesity and prevent several non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

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“…Recent meta‐analyses and reviews have reported that MD is associated with lower all‐cause mortality, reduced CVD risk and improved glycaemia control in people with diabetes 22–24 . The majority of evidence relates to those with type 2 diabetes, although there is some low‐quality evidence for adults and children with type 1 diabetes and for gestational diabetes (GDM).…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean diets and diabetes

Dyson

2021

Practical Diabetes

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Mediterranean diets (MDs) are recommended by some authorities for the prevention and management of diabetes, although there is some confusion about the definition and components of MDs. This narrative review explores the definition role of MDs in diabetes.Meta‐analyses of prospective cohort studies and randomised controlled trials reported that MD was effective for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes (GDM). In the management of type 2 diabetes, MD significantly improved glycaemic control and reduced body weight and cardiovascular disease risk. There was insufficient evidence for prevention or management of type 1 diabetes in adults or children and for the management of GDM. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.

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The Role of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Metabolic Control of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 54 publications

Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence?

Mediterranean diets and diabetes

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