The Role of the Midfoot in Drop Landings

Olsen, Mark T.; Bruening, Dustin A.; Johnson, A. Wayne; Ridge, Sarah T.

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001765

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Contrary to our second hypothesis, we observed no plateau in negative foot work contributions as the energy dissipation requirements increased. Our results are similar to those of Olsen et al (2019), who reported mid-foot energy dissipation during drop landings (0.4 m) and found that between 8% and 11% of the COM work during landing was performed about the mid-foot (Olsen et al, 2019). Our data suggest that ∼18% of the total COM negative work is performed at the foot during deceleration tasks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Because of the relatively small physiological cross-sectional area of the intrinsic foot muscles, their force generating and, thereby, energetic contributions may be limited, especially as COM energy demands increase (Farris et al, 2019;Riddick et al, 2019). A recent study by Olsen et al (2019) provides some insight that the foot can contribute to energy dissipation during rapid deceleration tasks. They reported ∼11% of the total lower-body energy dissipation during drop landings from 0.4 m was performed about the mid-tarsal joint of the foot (Olsen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study by Olsen et al (2019) provides some insight that the foot can contribute to energy dissipation during rapid deceleration tasks. They reported ∼11% of the total lower-body energy dissipation during drop landings from 0.4 m was performed about the mid-tarsal joint of the foot (Olsen et al, 2019). This suggests that the energetic contribution of the foot remains constant relative to the magnitude of COM work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The energetic function of the human foot and its muscles during accelerations and decelerations

Smith

Lichtwark

Kelly

2021

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The human foot is known to aid propulsion by storing and returning elastic energy during steady-state locomotion. While its function during other tasks is less clear, recent evidence suggests the foot and its intrinsic muscles can also generate or dissipate energy based on the energetic requirements of the center of mass during non-steady state locomotion. In order to examine contributions of the foot and its muscles to non-steady state locomotion, we compared the energetics of the foot and ankle joint while jumping and landing before and after the application of a tibial nerve block. Under normal conditions, energetic contributions of the foot rose as work demands increased, while the relative contributions of the foot to center of mass work remained constant with increasing work demands. Under the nerve block, foot contributions to both jumping and landing decreased. Additionally, ankle contributions were also decreased under the influence of the block for both tasks. Our results reinforce findings that foot and ankle function mirror the energetic requirements of the center of mass and provide novel evidence that foot contributions remain relatively constant under increasing energetic demands. Also, while the intrinsic muscles can modulate the energetic capacity of the foot, their removal accounted for only a three-percent decrement in total center of mass work. Therefore, the small size of intrinsic muscles appears to limit their capacity to contribute to center of mass work. However, their role in contributing to ankle work capacity is likely important for the energetics of movement.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The energetic function of the human foot and its muscles during accelerations and decelerations

Smith

Lichtwark

Kelly

2021

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Olsen et al [ 21 ] reported the kinematic characteristics of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint during forward drop landing. At the moment of ground contact, the first MTP joint was rapidly extended to 20°.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Plantar Fascia and Intrinsic Foot Muscles in a Single-Leg Drop Landing and Repetitive Rebound Jumps: An Ultrasound-Based Study

Morikawa

Maeda

Komiya

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The plantar fascia and intrinsic foot muscles (IFM) modulate foot stiffness. However, it is unclear whether the corresponding ultrasonography findings reflect it. This study aimed to examine the effect of the plantar fascia and IFM morphologies on force attenuation during landing and reactivity when jumping in healthy adults (n=21; age, 21–27 years). Thickness, cross-sectional area (CSA), and hardness of the plantar fascia, abductor hallucis (AbH), and flexor hallucis brevis (FHB) muscles were measured using ultrasonography. Single-leg drop landing and repetitive rebound jumping tests assessed the ground reaction force (GRF) and reactive jump index (RJI), respectively. The CSA of FHB was negatively correlated with maximum vertical GRF (r = −0.472, p=0.031) in the single-leg drop landing test. The CSA of AbH was negatively correlated with contact time (r = −0.478, p = 0.028), and the plantar fascia thickness was positively correlated with jump height (r = 0.615, p = 0.003) and RJI (r = 0.645, p = 0.002) in the repetitive bound jump test. In multivariate regression analysis, only the plantar fascia thickness was associated with RJI (β = 0.152, 95% confidence interval: 7.219-38.743, p = 0.007). The CSA of FHB may contribute to force attenuation during landing. The thickness of the plantar fascia and CSA of AbH may facilitate jumping high with minimal contact time.

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“…Across walking, running and drop landing, the foot can contribute up to 22% of the total lower limb joint work (Arch and Fylstra, 2016;Olsen et al, 2019;Zelik et al, 2015). A previous study has reported that a reduction in distal ankle loading resulted in a compensatory increase in proximal knee loading during cutting (Wannop et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical work performed by distal foot-ankle and proximal knee-hip segments during anticipated and unanticipated cutting

Liew

Sullivan

Morris

et al. 2020

Journal of Biomechanics

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Side-step cutting is a common evasive maneuver which is typically performed without prior anticipation. Studies quantifying joint work and its inter-joint proportions in cutting have not accounted for work done by the foot, even though this segment has been shown to be an important source of mechanical work in walking, running, and landing. The aims of this study were to: (1) quantify the magnitude of foot work performed and provide a more precise account of percentage joint work during cutting, and (2) examine the effect, a lack of anticipation had on these variables. Three-dimensional motion capture with forceplates were used to assess the cutting behaviour of 17 healthy participants. All participants performed a 45° cut with an approach speed of 4 m/s. Hip, knee, and ankle joint work were calculated using inverse dynamics; whilst foot work was quantified using the Unified-Deformable foot method. The foot contributed up to 12.45% and 3.09% of total limb negative and positive work, respectively. Unanticipated cutting significantly reduced ankle positive work (-0.09 J/kg [95% CI -0.13 to -0.06], P < 0.001) and significantly reduced percentage ankle positive work (-2.17% [95% CI -3.47 to -0.86], P = 0.001). The foot performs as much negative work as the hip but had only a minor contribution to positive work during cutting. Anticipation had a negligible influence on joint work and its inter-joint proportions. The foot should not be neglected in understanding whole-body dynamics during cutting, with greater understanding of its function potentially useful for informing athletic footwear design and cutting technique.

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The Role of the Midfoot in Drop Landings

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

The energetic function of the human foot and its muscles during accelerations and decelerations

The energetic function of the human foot and its muscles during accelerations and decelerations

Contribution of Plantar Fascia and Intrinsic Foot Muscles in a Single-Leg Drop Landing and Repetitive Rebound Jumps: An Ultrasound-Based Study

Mechanical work performed by distal foot-ankle and proximal knee-hip segments during anticipated and unanticipated cutting

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