The role of the nerve in the formation and maintenance of taste buds

El-Eishi, H.; State, Fathy A.

doi:10.1159/000144318

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…species (e.g., Cheal and Oakley, 1977;El-Eishi and State, 1974;Guth, 1957;Whitehead et al, 1985). In contrast, only two studies have been reported in avians in which a presumed gustatory nerve was sectioned.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chorda tympani innervation of anterior mandibular taste buds in the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Ganchrow¹,

Ganchrow²,

Oppenheimer³

1986

Anat. Rec.

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While the mammalian chorda tympani innervates taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, the chorda tympani of chickens does not enter the tongue, but rather is reported to supply the oral epithelium of the lower beak subjacent to the tongue. This study in the chicken investigated whether the integrity of taste buds in the lower beak is normally dependent upon innervation by the chorda tympani. Following unilateral ligation and removal of a large section of the chorda tympani, animals were sacrificed at 11, 14, and 21 days postoperatively. Oral tissue between the lingual frenulum and beak tip was serially examined, and the presence of each bud was recorded, noting the point at which the bud opened into the oral cavity. No buds were observed on the operated side in any of the cases, while the average bud count on the unoperated side was 33 +/- 10 (SD). On the unoperated side, taste buds were generally associated with anterior mandibular salivary gland ducts that reached surface epithelium and opened into the oral cavity. On the operated side, the cellular organization adjacent to gland ducts and in duct-free epithelium appeared as in control (i.e., bud-free) epithelium. The number of salivary gland duct openings into the oral cavity was equivalent on the operated and control sides. It is concluded that the chorda tympani of chickens innervates taste buds in the anterior lower beak epithelium and that it functions to maintain the structural integrity of these buds.

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confidence: 99%

Chorda tympani innervation of anterior mandibular taste buds in the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Ganchrow¹,

Ganchrow²,

Oppenheimer³

1986

Anat. Rec.

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“…The receptive fields of single units of the chorda tympani three months after nerve crush classified according to the stimulus which evokes the most vigorous discharge. (From Robinson, 1989, with permission) ine the trophic role of the nerve and the interaction of axons and epithelially derived cells in the sensory transduction process (e.g., El-Eishi and State, 1974). Other investigators have looked at peripheral changes as a measure of the severity of nerve damage and as an assessment of the success of reparative procedures (e.g., Robinson, 1989;Smith and Robinson, 1995a).…”

Section: (Ii) Responses In the Nerve Trunk And Its Target Organs (A) mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taste buds are trophically dependent on an intact innervation by gustatory nerve fibers. Taste buds disappear from denervated tongues (Farbman, 1969;El-Eishi and State, 1974;State and Bowden, 1974) but redifferentiate when the innervation regenerates . Cutaneous sensory and motor nerves will not support the differentiation of taste buds, but chemosensory axons of the carotid sinus nerve do (Dinger et al, 1985), as, to a limited extent, do non-gustatory vagal fibers (Zalewski, 1981).…”

Section: Lingual Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In regenerating taste buds, a subpopulation of cells expresses Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) (Smith et al, 1993) that is first seen in regenerating nerve fibers (Smith et al, 1994), suggesting, perhaps, that the recovering nerve initiates epithelial differentiation but that the differentiated taste bud then attracts sprouting axons. The epithelium of the circumvallate papillae (as well as the taste bud) may atrophy after denervation (El-Eishi and State, 1974), and the connective tissue core may disappear (Zalewski, 1981). Most of the studies that have looked at the effect of denervation on lingual epitheliuim have made observations after glossopharyngeal nerve section, but and Robinson and Winkles (1991) transected the chorda tympani.…”

Section: Lingual Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Trigeminal Nerve Injury

Holland

1996

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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Abstract:The successful reinnervation of peripheral targets after injury varies with the axonal population of the nerve that is injured and the extent of the dislocation of its central component from the peripheral endoneurial tube. Larger-diameter axons such as those supplying mechanoreceptors recover more readily than narrower axons such as those supplying taste. A complex, bi-directional interaction between lingual epithelium and sprouting nerve results in the redifferentiation of taste buds after denervation. Dentin and the dental pulp provide a strong attraction to sprouting nerves and will become reinnervated from collateral sources if recovery of the original innervation is blocked. The most effective repair technique for transected lingual nerves is one which brings the cut ends together rather than one that provides a temporary bridge.Injuries can result in cell death in the trigeminal ganglion but only if the injury is severe and recovery is prevented. Lesser damage results in chromatolysis and the increased expression of neuropeptides. All nerve injuries bring about changes in the trigeminal nucleus. These occur as changes in receptive field and the incidence of spontaneously active neurons, effects which are consistent with the unmasking of existing afferents. These functional changes are short-lived and reversible. Morphologically, nerve injury results in terminal degeneration in the nuclei and an increased expression of the c-Fos gene and some neuropeptides. Only a chronic constriction injury induces behavioral changes. The adult trigeminal system retains considerable plasticity that permits it to respond successfully to nerve injury. Much remains to be learned about this response, particularly of the trophic factors that control peripheral recovery and the central response to more severe injuries.

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“…1925;Whiteside, 1927;Torrey, 1934Torrey, , 1936Gath, 1957;1958, Beidler, 1963Farbman, 1969;Jeppsson, 1969;Fuji mo to and Murray, 1970;Nag a et at., 1970;Vij el at., 1972;Slate and Bowden, 1974]. If the nerve regenerates and grows back into the epithelium where the taste buds were originally present, the buds reappear [Griffini, 1887;Olmsted, 1920a, b;Guilt, 1958;El-Eishi and State, 1974], Bi lateral denervation of rat's circumvallate papilla [Guth, 1957] resulted in a rapid decrease in the number of taste buds within the first 4 days following transec tion. After the 4th post-operative day taste buds con tinued to disappear, but at a slower rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological changes following unilateral re-innervation of the circumvallate papilla of rat

State¹

1977

Cells Tissues Organs

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The present work was designed to study the histological changes of the rat’s circumvallate papilla following unilateral glossopharyngeal re-innervation. Unilateral re-innervation was achieved by transection of the 9th nerve and avulsion of its central segment on the right side and crushing that of the left side. The latter was thus allowed to regenerate and to re-innervate the papilla. On the first 2 post-operative weeks, the nerve bundles at the base of the papilla and the subgemmal nerve plexus showed signs of Wallerian degeneration and concomitant disappearance of taste buds. On the 3rd post-operative week, the papilla was invaded by regenerating nerves and the primordial taste buds started to appear. From the 4th week onwards, the number of regenerating taste buds on the left outer, left inner and right inner trench walls was not significantly different from the sham-operated controls. The only buds which failed to reappear were those of the upper two thirds of the right outer trench walls. The newly formed buds were smaller in size than those of the sham-operated controls with a relative diminution of 30% of the number of intragemmal cells per section of taste bud.

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The role of the nerve in the formation and maintenance of taste buds

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Chorda tympani innervation of anterior mandibular taste buds in the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Chorda tympani innervation of anterior mandibular taste buds in the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Experimental Trigeminal Nerve Injury

Histological changes following unilateral re-innervation of the circumvallate papilla of rat

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