The role of the primary sensorimotor system in generalized epilepsy: Evidence from the cerebello–cerebral functional integration

Abstract

The interaction between cerebellum and cerebrum participates widely in function from motor processing to high‐level cognitive and affective processing. Because of the motor symptom, idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients with generalized tonic–clonic seizure have been recognized to associate with motor abnormalities, but the functional interaction in the cerebello–cerebral circuit is still poorly understood. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected for 101 IGE patients and 106 healthy controls. The voxel‐based functional connectivity (FC) between cerebral cortex and the cerebellum was contacted. The functional gradient and independent components analysis were applied to evaluate cerebello–cerebral functional integration on the voxel‐based FC. Cerebellar motor components were further linked to cerebellar gradient. Results revealed cerebellar motor functional modules were closely related to cerebral motor components. The altered mapping of cerebral motor components to cerebellum was observed in motor module in patients with IGE. In addition, patients also showed compression in cerebello–cerebral functional gradient between motor and cognition modules. Interestingly, the contribution of the motor components to the gradient was unbalanced between bilateral primary sensorimotor components in patients: the increase was observed in cerebellar cognitive module for the dominant hemisphere primary sensorimotor, but the decrease was found in the cerebellar cognitive module for the nondominant hemisphere primary sensorimotor. The present findings suggest that the cerebral primary motor system affects the hierarchical architecture of cerebellum, and substantially contributes to the functional integration evidence to understand the motor functional abnormality in IGE patients.

Aberrant flexibility of dynamic brain network in patients with autism spectrum disorder

“…The default-mode subnetwork in the brain is known to mediate one's self-referential and internally-directed processing (61), and a decreased stability of it has been linked to multiple common mental illnesses such as depression (39,62). The sensorimotor areas in the brain play important roles in sensorimotor control (63), whose dysfunctions have also been associated with multiple illnesses such as depression and schizophrenia (17,64). Actually, the key functions of these brain systems are well known to be disrupted in ASD supported by previous studies.…”