The role of the retinoids in topical treatment of skin diseases - the review of the literature

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Retinoids are a broad group of natural and synthetic compounds derived from vitamin A. Many studies have shown strong anti-aging effects, and they have also been shown to have therapeutic effects on acne vulgaris or psoriasis. Vitamin A and its derivatives make the skin more elastic and smooth, cause a decrease in fine wrinkles and cause an increase in fibroblast activity and collagen fiber production. Retinoid compounds regulate biological processes of the skin such as immune processes, angiogenesis, proliferation and differentiation. THE AIM OF STUDY: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effects of retinoids and the use of the substances in skin diseases. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Literature review of PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct and evaluation of available randomized controlled trials using retinoids in terms of treatment effectiveness in terms of skin quality, anti-aging benefits use in dermatology. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin A and its derivatives plays an important role in anty-aging prevention and treatment of skin diseases, such as acne vulgaris, psoriasis and photo-aging. There are still many ongoing studies and not known opportunities of its use to treat other skin diseases that we should be aware of and keep track of new papers that indicate such.

Paresis Following Type A Botulinum Toxin (Dysport) Injection: A Case Report

“…Sweating is a physiological process controlled by the autonomic nervous system and operates independently of our will (5). Hyperhidrosis, on the other hand, is a pathological disorder characterized by excessive sweating beyond physiological needs for thermoregulation.…”

“…The treatment of horizontal rhytids and vertical bands is generally very safe, but complications may arise due to improper technique, including dry mouth, dysphagia, dysarthria, and neck weakness. Additionally, a small number of patients may experience difficulty lifting the head and maintaining a steady head position (5,9). Asymmetry is a relatively common side effect that occurs due to the injection site or anatomical changes in the patient.…”

“…Asymmetry is a relatively common side effect that occurs due to the injection site or anatomical changes in the patient. Among the side effects at the injection site are local edema, erythema, bruising, and pain in the injection site and nearby areas (4,5,10).…”