The role of the small intestine in the development of dietary fat-induced obesity and insulin resistance in C57BL/6J mice

Abstract

Background: Obesity and insulin resistance are two major risk factors underlying the metabolic syndrome. The development of these metabolic disorders is frequently studied, but mainly in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. To gain more insight in the role of the small intestine in development of obesity and insulin resistance, dietary fat-induced differential gene expression was determined along the longitudinal axis of small intestines of C57BL/6J mice.

Transgenic 6F tomatoes act on the small intestine to prevent systemic inflammation and dyslipidemia caused by Western diet and intestinally derived lysophosphatidic acid

“…One of these genes ( Reg3g , Fig. 4D ) was previously shown to have decreased expression on a high-fat diet in wild-type C57BL/6J mice ( 26,27 ). The data in Fig.…”

“…The 64 genes ( Tables 2, 4 ) are involved in several pathways including peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR) signaling, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress ( Tables 3, 5 ). Among these 64 genes were seven genes that were identifi ed by others as showing increased expression in the small intestine of C57BL/6J mice on a highfat diet ( 26,27 ), and confi rmed by us on feeding WD compared with chow in LDLR Ϫ / Ϫ mice on a C567BL/6J background ( Table 4 ). These genes were Acadl , Acot1 , Angptl4 , Acaa1b , Cyp4a10 , Scd1 , and Srebf1 .…”

“…Adding EV to WD did not prevent the expression of these genes to the same extent as adding Tg6F to WD. Others also reported ( 26,27 ) that feeding a high-fat diet to wild-type C57BL/6J mice decreased expression in the small intestine of Reg3g . As shown in Fig.…”

“…Microarray studies of mice fed chow or chow supplemented with LPA compared with mice fed WD are now underway in our laboratory and hopefully will help to clarify the signaling pathways by which LPA induces systemic infl ammation and dyslipidemia. Microarray analysis by others ( 26,27 ) revealed that feeding a high-fat diet to wild-type C57BL/6 mice increased expression in the small intestine of the three genes shown in Fig. 4 and the four genes shown in supplementary Fig.…”

The nutrigenomic investigation of C57BL/6N mice fed a short-term high-fat diet highlights early changes in clock genes expression

“…They found that the biological processes influenced by feeding a high-fat diet were related to lipid metabolism, cell-cycle regulation and inflammation/immune response. For this last process, they could not draw a definitive conclusion on inflammatory status of the small intestine as a whole, because almost no gene showed a consistent up-or down-regulation in all the segments of the small intestine (de Wit et al 2008). In the study conducted by Ding and co-workers, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to high-fat or low-fat diets and assessed for the expression of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines in the small intestine and in the colon.…”