The role of the vaginal microbiome in gynaecological cancer

Champer, Miriam; M., Wong, Alexandra; Champer, Jackson; Brito, Ilana L.; Messer, Philipp W.; Hou, June Y.; Wright, Jason D.

doi:10.1111/1471-0528.14631

Cited by 145 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Nearly all of the microbiota reside within the alimentary tract though it has been shown to influence the human body both locally and systemically. Beyond the gastrointestinal tract, associations exist between the oral, skin, respiratory and genitourinary microbiota and the pathogenesis of malignancies [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Furthermore, the microbiota has been shown to be intimately involved with the modulation of cancer treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiota and Cancer Cachexia

Herremans

Riner

Cameron

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome defined by weight loss, muscle wasting, and systemic inflammation. It affects the majority of patients with advanced cancer and is associated with poor treatment response, early mortality and decreased quality of life. The microbiota has been implicated in cancer cachexia through pathways of systemic inflammation, gut barrier dysfunction and muscle wasting. The imbalance of the microbiota, known as dysbiosis, has been shown to influence cancer cachexia. Bacteria that play beneficial and detrimental roles in the disease pathogenesis have been identified. The phenotype of cancer cachexia is associated with decreased levels of Lactobacillales and increased levels of Enterobacteriaceae and Parabacteroides. Currently, there are no treatment options that demonstrate increased survival or the quality of life in patients suffering from cancer cachexia. Through the manipulation of beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiota, different treatment options have been explored. Prebiotics and probiotics have been shown to improve outcomes in animal models of cachexia. Expounding on this mechanism, fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) holds promise for a future treatment of cancer cachexia. Further research is necessary to address this detrimental disease process and improve the lives of patients suffering from cancer cachexia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiota and Cancer Cachexia

Herremans

Riner

Cameron

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…The VM has also been implicated in the development of carcinogenesis in various gynaecological cancers . In particular, there is a relationship between the VM and high‐risk strains of HPV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that UTx is a fertility‐restoring procedure, and each case can only be deemed successful once it has yielded a livebirth, the VM deserves particular consideration in the context of UTx. Moreover, given the links between VM dysbiosis and infection, cervical intra‐epithelial neoplasia (CIN), and gynaecological cancer, which are all associated risks of UTx through the use of immunosuppression, the potential significance of the role of the VM in UTx intensifies further. Here we summarise the potential implications of the VM in the context of UTx and provide a framework for potential areas of future research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The vaginal microbiome in uterine transplantation

Jones

Saso

L’Heveder

et al. 2019

BJOG

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Women with congenital absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI) often need vaginal restoration to optimise sexual function. Given their lack of procreative ability, little consideration has previously been given to the resultant vaginal microbiome (VM). Uterine transplantation (UTx) now offers the opportunity to restore these women's reproductive potential. The structure of the VM is associated with clinical and reproductive implications that are intricately intertwined with the process of UTx. Consideration of how vaginal restoration methods impact VM is now warranted and assessment of the VM in future UTx procedures is essential to understand the interrelation of the VM and clinical and reproductive outcomes.Tweetable abstract The vaginal microbiome has numerous implications for clinical and reproductive outcomes in the context of uterine transplantation.

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“…High-risk subtypes of HPV contribute to 99% of cervical neoplasia [1]. However, it is known that high-risk HPV infection is necessary but not su cient for the development of CINs or cervical cancer [2,3,4]. Many other events, such as multiple sexual partners, early initiation of sexual activity and co-infection with other sexually transmitted infections, have been associated with higher risk of HPV infection in the genital tract [5,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression are associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in a Chinese cohort

Chen

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: In this study, the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer and vaginal microbiome was evaluated in Chinese cohorts. Methods: The vaginal bacterial composition of five groups, HPV-infected women without CINs (HPV, n=78), women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, n=51), women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, n=23), women with invasive cervical cancer (Cancer, n=9) and healthy women without HPV infection (Normal, n=68), was characterized by deep sequencing of barcoded 16S rRNA gene fragments (V3-4) using Illumina MiSeq. Results: HPV infection increased vaginal bacterial richness and diversity regardless of the status of CINs. The vaginal bacterial richness and diversity were further augmented in women with cervical cancer. Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus in all groups. HPV infection had a negative influence on the abundances of Lactobacillus, Gardnerella and Atopobium. Accordingly, HPV infection increased the relative abundance of Prevotella, Bacillus, Anaerococcus, Sneathia, Megasphaera, Streptococcus and Anaerococcus. The increased proportions of Bacillus, Anaerococcus and the reduced abundance of Gradnerella vaginalis were probably related with the progression of CINs severity. HPV infection without CINs or cancerous lesions was strongly associated with Megasphaera. The most abundant bacterium in the LSIL group was Prevotella amnii. However, Prevotella timonensis, Shuttleworthia and Streptococcaceae at the family level were three taxa related to HSIL. Furthermore, more taxa were associated with the Cancer group including Bacillus, Sneathia, Acidovorax, Oceanobacillus profundus, Fusobacterium, Veillonellaceae at the family level, Anaerococcus and Porphyromonas uenonis. Samples in the Normal group were mostly assigned to CST III. HPV infection converted the vaginal bacterial community structure from CST III to CST IV. Furthermore, the proportions of CST IV were gradually augmented with the progression of the severity of CINs.Conclusions: This work interpreted the differential vaginal bacteria under HPV infection and various precancerous or cancerous lesions in a Chinese cohort. We distinguished the specific microbes and the vaginal bacterial structure that were related with the progression of CINs severity in Chinese women.

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The role of the vaginal microbiome in gynaecological cancer

Abstract: A review of the research to date on the relation between the vaginal microbiome and gynaecological cancers.

Cited by 145 publications

References 79 publications

The Microbiota and Cancer Cachexia

The Microbiota and Cancer Cachexia

The vaginal microbiome in uterine transplantation

Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression are associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in a Chinese cohort

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