The role of thiols, dithiols, nutritional factors and interacting ligands in the toxicology of mercury

Rooney, James

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.02.016

Cited by 305 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…HgCl 2 and methylmercury are the most common forms of mercury to which humans are exposed [4,[6][7]; mersalyl has been used as a prototypal hydrophilic mercury compound which is frequently used as a specific reagent for Cys residues of proteins [35]. Preliminary studies performed with hydrophilic SH reagents, suggested that the reconstituted transporter contains thiol groups of cysteine exposed towards the extraliposomal compartment, which corresponds to the extracellular environment; these data correlated well with the predicted hydropathy profile of ASCT2 [27,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that both cationic and organic mercuric compounds react with thiol groups with very high affinity constants. However, several aspects of the molecular mechanisms of mercury toxicity remain to be elucidated [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Membrane proteins containing Cys residues exposed to the extracellular environment represent important sites of interaction with mercuric compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inactivation by Hg2+ and methylmercury of the glutamine/amino acid transporter (ASCT2) reconstituted in liposomes: Prediction of the involvement of a CXXC motif by homology modelling

Oppedisano

Galluccio

Indiveri

2010

Biochemical Pharmacology

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation by Hg2+ and methylmercury of the glutamine/amino acid transporter (ASCT2) reconstituted in liposomes: Prediction of the involvement of a CXXC motif by homology modelling

Oppedisano

Galluccio

Indiveri

2010

Biochemical Pharmacology

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“…The solvent too has been changed, preferring the use of CH 2 Cl 2 both to enhance the solubility of the I 2 -adducts, and to test the oxidative process under hydrophobic conditions. Unlike The reaction of complexes 1, 2, and 3 with Et 4 NI to separate compound (Et 4 N) 2 [HgI 4 ] in all three cases with the release of free PTU and MeImSH, respectively, is also reported. Moreover, because of the importance of PTU and MeImSH as antithyroid drugs, 3 the role of intermolecular interactions (hydrogen-bonding donor/acceptor properties) in complexes 1-3 have been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…During this time, the initial dark-red colour of the reaction mixture, due to the charge-transfer adduct PTU-I 2 , turned to light orange, and gradually, an air-stable pale yellow powder separated from the solution. Treatment of the crude material with a MeOH-CHCl 3 solution (1 : 4 v/v) caused the complete dissolution of the solid; after slow evaporation of the solution, crystals of stoichiometry [HgI 2 (PTU) 2 ·MeOH] (1) were isolated. Then, for further evaporation of the solution, a red inorganic powder identified as HgI 2 was obtained.…”

Section: Synthesis and X-ray Structures Of Complexes 1-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complex 3 consists of dimeric [Hg 2 I 4 (MeImSH) 2 ] molecules located about crystallographic inversion centers; this dimeric arrangement is quite common, and several compounds featuring similar Hg 2 S 2 X 4 cores can be found in the literature (X = Cl, Br, I). 12 Differently from what was observed in previously discussed PTU complexes 1 and 2, methimazole molecules establish only one inter-molecular H-bond involving adjacent molecules, thus forming infinite chains in the crystal, Fig.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative properties of iodine-adducts of propylthiouracil and methimazole: Direct synthesis of mercury(ii) complexes from the reaction with liquid mercury

et al. 2011

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The I 2 -adducts of drugs propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole (MeImSH) oxidize liquid mercury in dichloromethane to separate in good yield the neutral complexes [HgI 2 (PTU) 2 ·MeOH] (1), [HgI 2 (PTU) 2 ·HgI 2 ] (2), and [Hg 2 I 4 (MeImSH) 2 ] (3). The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 1-2 shows that the Hg(II) center is coordinated by two sulfur atoms and by two iodine atoms in a tetrahedral geometry. In complex 2 almost linear molecules of HgI 2 result encapsulated in the crystal packing enfolded by the hydrophobic propyl appendages of coordinated units of PTU. X-ray analysis of complex 3 shows the presence of dimeric [Hg 2 I 4 (MeImSH) 2 ] molecules to form Hg 2 S 2 I 4 cores. The intraand intermolecular hydrogen bonds concerning PTU and MeImSH have been evaluated. The oxidation of Hg(0) to Hg(II) requires a two-electron transfer process accomplished by an oxidative addition from the "activated" iodine moiety. The oxidizing and complexing properties of PTU-I 2 and MeImSH-I 2 have been interpreted considering the S-donor to I 2 interaction that leads to a charge separation between the sulfur-bound iodine atom S-I and the terminal I atom. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 react with tetraethylammonium iodide to separate the compound (Et 4 N) 2 [HgI 4 ] with the release of free PTU and MeImSH, respectively. The reported dissolution technique could be applied to the recovery of mercury from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) scrap, the nature of complexes 1-3 makes it possible the easy separation of the mercury as tetraiodomercurate anion and the recycling of the donors.

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Hearing Loss in US Adolescents and Exposure to Heavy Metals: Mercury in Perspective

Rooney¹,

Dórea²

2012

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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Potential Errors in Phonatory ResultsW e read with great interest the article titled "Local Steroid Injection via the Cricothyroid Membrane in Patients With a Vocal Nodule" by Lee et al. 1 In this article, the authors demonstrated the clinical usefulness of vocal fold steroid injection in 80 patients with vocal nodules. The treatment outcomes were quite satisfactory: the nodules disappeared in 44% of the patients and improved in 49%. Subjective assessment using a voice handicapped index also showed a significant improvement in each of the 3 domains. Also, the authors reported significant improvements between the preoperative and the postoperative phonatory results, including jitter, shimmer, noise to harmony ratio (NHR), average fundamental frequency, and maximum phonation time. However, on closer inspection, there were potentially incorrect data. First, because the NHR represents a fraction of noise energy over harmonic energy, it is unlikely to result in a value greater than 1. According to the normative data provided in the multidimensional voice program, 2 the mean (SD) of the NHR was 0.112 (0.009) and 0.122 (0.014) for female and male patients, respectively. Similarly, the reported data for the mean (SD) shimmer were unusually low when compared with the normative data from the multidimensional voice program: 1.997 (0.791) for female patients and 2.523 (0.997) for male patients. Interestingly, when the data for the shimmer and the NHR are substituted for one another, the results seem more reasonable and closer to what we usually get from an acoustic analysis. Therefore, we recommend that the authors take another look at the original data and correct any mistakes in the phonatory results that might have occurred.

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The role of thiols, dithiols, nutritional factors and interacting ligands in the toxicology of mercury

Cited by 305 publications

References 44 publications

Inactivation by Hg2+ and methylmercury of the glutamine/amino acid transporter (ASCT2) reconstituted in liposomes: Prediction of the involvement of a CXXC motif by homology modelling

Inactivation by Hg2+ and methylmercury of the glutamine/amino acid transporter (ASCT2) reconstituted in liposomes: Prediction of the involvement of a CXXC motif by homology modelling

Oxidative properties of iodine-adducts of propylthiouracil and methimazole: Direct synthesis of mercury(ii) complexes from the reaction with liquid mercury

Hearing Loss in US Adolescents and Exposure to Heavy Metals: Mercury in Perspective

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