The Role of Thoracic Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Diseases of the Chest Wall, the Mediastinum, and the Diaphragm—Narrative Review and Pictorial Essay

Zadeh, Ehsan Safai; Görg, Christian; Prosch, Helmut; Horn, Rudolf; Jenssen, Christian; Dietrich, Christoph F.

doi:10.3390/diagnostics13040767

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Therefore, it is advantageous to use both types of probes, as was done in our study. 31,32 Since our study population was represented by asymptomatic adult women undergoing routinary breast US exam, we did not encounter those chest US findings that are typically seen in the to chronic interstitial lung disease. A number ≤3 of B lines per lung field examined can be considered physiological, especially in basal fields in the elderly population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast ultrasound: An opportunity to detect unsuspected pleural and pulmonary abnormalities

Corvino,

Basile,

Boccatonda

et al. 2024

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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PurposeWhile scanning women for breast US, is possible to observe changes in the appearance of the pleural line or in the most superficial portion of the lung. The objective of this single‐center, prospective study was to determine the prevalence of a variety of pleural and pulmonary US findings during routine breast US.MethodsIn this study, there were 200 women undergoing standard breast US examination. The presence of pleural and pulmonary abnormalities in these cases was recorded. Two off‐site reviewers confirmed the presence of pleura and lung changes.ResultsThere was no abnormal finding in 168 out of 200 cases (84%) while there were one or more abnormal findings in 32 cases (16%). Pleural effusion was observed in 0.5% of cases, thickening of the pleural line 5% of cases, irregularity of the pleural line in 6% of cases, increased number of vertical artifacts in 9% of cases, subpleural nodulations in 2% of cases, and lung consolidation in 0.5%.ConclusionPleural and lung changes are not uncommon during breast US. Operators performing breast US examinations should be aware of the possibility to identify unsuspected pleuro‐pulmonary abnormalities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, convex (3–5 MHz) or phased‐array (1–5 MHz) probes, which are nowadays equipped on almost all US machines, allow to better investigate the lung by providing an adequate penetration depth, but the clarity of the images is not so good. Therefore, it is advantageous to use both types of probes, as was done in our study 31,32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast ultrasound: An opportunity to detect unsuspected pleural and pulmonary abnormalities

Corvino,

Basile,

Boccatonda

et al. 2024

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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“…Auch die Elastografie [12] und ultraschallgestützte Interventionen sollen Erwähnung finden. Eine zugehörige weitere Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Erkrankungen des Lungenparenchyms [13] und eine weitere Arbeit mit den Erkrankungen der Thoraxwand, des Zwerchfells und des Mediastinums [14].…”

Section: Examination Techniqueunclassified

“…Elastography [12] and ultrasound-guided interventions are also mentioned. One related other paper deals with the diseases of the lung parenchyma [13] and another paper deals with the diseases of the thoracic wall, diaphragm and mediastinum [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonography of the pleura

Horn,

Görg,

Prosch

et al. 2024

Ultraschall Med

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The CME review presented here is intended to explain the significance of pleural sonography to the interested reader and to provide information on its application. At the beginning of sonography in the 80 s of the 20th centuries, with the possible resolution of the devices at that time, the pleura could only be perceived as a white line. Due to the high impedance differences, the pleura can be delineated particularly well. With the increasing high-resolution devices of more than 10 MHz, even a normal pleura with a thickness of 0.2 mm can be assessed. This article explains the special features of the examination technique with knowledge of the pre-test probability and describes the indications for pleural sonography. Pleural sonography has a high value in emergency and intensive care medicine, preclinical, outpatient and inpatient, in the general practitioner as well as in the specialist practice of pneumologists. The special features in childhood (pediatrics) as well as in geriatrics are presented. The recognition of a pneumothorax even in difficult situations as well as the assessment of pleural effusion are explained. With the high-resolution technology, both the pleura itself and small subpleural consolidations can be assessed and used diagnostically. Both the direct and indirect sonographic signs and accompanying symptoms are described, and the concrete clinical significance of sonography is presented. The significance and criteria of conventional brightness-encoded B-scan, colour Doppler sonography (CDS) with or without spectral analysis of the Doppler signal (SDS) and contrast medium ultrasound (CEUS) are outlined. Elastography and ultrasound-guided interventions are also mentioned. A related further paper deals with the diseases of the lung parenchyma and another paper with the diseases of the thoracic wall, diaphragm and mediastinum.

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“…Typically, all viral pneumonias show an absence of relevant pleural effusion. However, high-resolution ultrasound probes are almost always able to detect small quantities of pleural fluid in the posterior and lateral costodiaphragmatic recess, especially with patients in the sitting position 2 11 19 20 22 24 29 30 31 32 .…”

Section: Peripheral Lung Consolidationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound of the lung

et al. 2023

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The CME review is intended to explain and discuss the clinical value of lung ultrasound but also to enable a pragmatically oriented approach by analyzing the clinical aspect. This includes knowledge of the pre-test probability, the acuteness of the disease, the current clinical situation, detection and/or characterization, initial diagnosis or follow up assessment and the peculiarities of exclusion diagnosis. Diseases of the pleura and lungs are described using these criteria with their direct and indirect sonographic signs and the specific clinical significance of ultrasound findings. The importance and criteria of conventional B-mode, color Doppler ultrasound with or without spectral analysis of the Doppler signal and contrast-enhanced ultrasound are discussed as well.

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The Role of Thoracic Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Diseases of the Chest Wall, the Mediastinum, and the Diaphragm—Narrative Review and Pictorial Essay

Cited by 5 publications

References 97 publications

Breast ultrasound: An opportunity to detect unsuspected pleural and pulmonary abnormalities

Breast ultrasound: An opportunity to detect unsuspected pleural and pulmonary abnormalities

Sonography of the pleura

Ultrasound of the lung

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