The role of titanium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured C300 maraging steels

Dehgahi, Shirin; Ghoncheh, M.H.; Hadadzadeh, Amir; Sanjari, Mehdi; Amirkhiz, Babak Shalchi; Mohammadi, Mohsen

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108965

Cited by 42 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This mechanism resulted in a fragile fracture (Figure 13d) with minimal variation in the elastic region (Figure 13b). Previous works evidenced the precipitate and defects formation in the top surfaces and melt pool boundaries of the maraging steel 300 [20,22,[35][36][37]. This study observed that building orientation affected the probability of such defects being triggered in close layers and positions.…”

Section: Building Orientations 0º 45º and 90ºmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…This phenomenon derives from the higher cooling rates in these regions due to a thermal gradient defined from the location relative to the laser focus during the PBF process [12,14]. Typical grain morphologies in PBF manufactured maraging steel can be seen in Figure 4c [22]. The literature further highlights that the grains present an epitaxial growth parallel to the building orientation [11,31].…”

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although the high mechanical properties reported, microstructural and chemical changes can reduce mechanical performance [12,22]. The defects in the microstructure created with PBF are identified even in high-density specimens.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Building Orientation and Aging on Strength–Stiffness Performance of Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel

Oliveira

Díaz

Nizes

et al. 2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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The interaction between building orientation and heat treatment may change the strengthstiffness behavior of maraging steel manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion (PBF). Further investigations about the correlation of the fracture characteristics and microstructures with the measured properties are needed to improve the process findings. Thus, this study investigated the way an interaction between building orientation (0º, 45º, and 90º) and specimens condition (as-built and aged) may change the defects interaction mechanism and the mechanical properties of the maraging 300 steel manufactured by PBF. Aging treatment, microstructure characterization, density measuring, tensile and microhardness tests, and fractography were performed on the specimens. The aging treatment strengthened the material, which also reduced the probability of defect coalescence. The interaction of building orientation and aging affected the stiffness, rising this in ≈ 70.5 GPa for the 0º aged specimens. Furthermore, this interaction changed the melt pool stretching direction, and the behavior of the defect coalescence rising the elongation at break in ≈ 16.5% for 0º as-built specimens. The investigated mechanisms show the importance of considering the interaction between the building orientation and condition (as-built and aged) for the mechanical performance of additively manufactured maraging steel 300.

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Section: Building Orientations 0º 45º and 90ºmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of Building Orientation and Aging on Strength–Stiffness Performance of Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel

Oliveira

Díaz

Nizes

et al. 2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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“…Dehgahi, M.H. Ghoncheh, A. Hadadzadeh, M. Sanjari, B. Shalchi Amirkhiz & M. Mohammadi [21] confirmed the presence of CoNi precipitates and a high fraction of dislocations in horizontal samples with a large amount of Ti, which implies good strength of the samples. It is also worth paying attention to raising questions about the hardening of maraging alloys by copper deposition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Study of hardening and structure of maraging powder steel grade PS-H18K9M5TR (18%Ni+9%Co+5%Mo+1%Ti+1%Re+66%Fe)

Աղբալյան¹,

Simonyan²

2022

Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics

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Relevance. High-strength steels are increasingly in demand in modern industry for various applications. Maraging steels are the primary material in the manufacture of most aircraft parts as well as machine-building components. This type is low-carbon and is rich in nickel, which forms martensite when cooled as well as demonstrates properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, etc. The hardening process is the main factor affecting the functional properties of maraging steel. At certain temperatures, austenite has the ability to transform into various kinds of phases. However, the shortcoming that lies in the presence of some impurities limits the established types of improvement technologies, leading to the search for innovative methods to improve the characteristics of steel without losing any of the desired properties. Good qualities appear in maraging steels mainly after treatment with a solution at a temperature of about 1000℃ and during aging at a temperature of about 490℃. Purpose. Thus, the purpose of this research paper is to analyze the structure of maraging steel powders and study the thermal effect on its properties. Methodology. In this paper, powder steel was pressed by spark plasma sintering technology at a pressure of 60 MPa to a powder compact and heated at a temperature of 1100℃ for 180 s at a rate of 20℃/s, after which the samples underwent phase and elemental analysis, their hardness was measured, the value of which amounted to about 60 HRC. Results. The results of this scientific research demonstrate the presence of a variety of precipitates. The presence of impurities such as Co, Ti, and Re led to an improvement in strength due to martensitic phase transformation and precipitation hardening, as well as slowed down the diffusion process. Conclusions. In addition, tasks for further research on the issue of manufacturing maraging steels by the additive manufacturing method were identified. This technology enables obtaining strong maraging steels based on a powder mixture with the required characteristics

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“…3–8 AM alloys’ mechanical properties are strongly dependent on the process parameters and are different with respect to the samples produced by traditional production methods. 9 Because of the production method, voids and unmelted powders can exist in the samples produced by AM techniques. Voids, microcracks, and discontinuities (inhomogeneities) change the mechanical behaviour under different loading conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the asymmetric tension–compression properties of additively manufactured alloys using continuum damage mechanics

Nayebi

Rokhgireh

Araghi

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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Additively manufactured parts often comprise internal porosities due to the manufacturing process, which needs to be considered in modelling their mechanical behaviour. It was experimentally shown that additively manufactured parts’ tensile and compressive mechanical properties are different for various metallic alloys. In this study, isotropic continuum damage mechanics is used to model additively manufactured alloys’ tension and compression behaviours. Compressive stress components can shrink discontinuities present in additively manufactured alloys. Therefore, the crack closure effect was employed to describe different behaviours during uniaxial tension and compression tests. A finite element model embedded in an ABAQUS’s UMAT format was developed to account for the isotropic continuum damage mechanics model. The numerical results of tension and compression tests were compared with experimental observations for additively manufactured maraging steel, AlSi10Mg and Ti-6Al-4V. Stress–strain curves in tension and compression of these alloys were obtained using the continuum damage mechanics model and compared well with the experimental results.

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The role of titanium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured C300 maraging steels

Cited by 42 publications

References 51 publications

Investigation of Building Orientation and Aging on Strength–Stiffness Performance of Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel

Investigation of Building Orientation and Aging on Strength–Stiffness Performance of Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel

Study of hardening and structure of maraging powder steel grade PS-H18K9M5TR (18%Ni+9%Co+5%Mo+1%Ti+1%Re+66%Fe)

Modelling the asymmetric tension–compression properties of additively manufactured alloys using continuum damage mechanics

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