“…For example, we surveyed all the 481 Google Scholar citations of the seminal paper Baltagi et al [1] at the end of 2023, discovering that most are either in methodological papers, or-the majority-in applied papers taking inspiration from their general framework but not really employing the proposed serial correlation test. In fact, the only studies actually performing a C.2 serial correlation test in a spatial context are Bouayad-Agha et al [20], Millo and Carmeci [21,22], Aravindakshan et al [23], Lottmann [24], Kunimitsu et al [25], Lim-Wavde et al [26], Olivier and Del Lo [27] and Sadewo et al [28]: all this when a user-friendly R implementation of the C.2 has long been available (see [29], Section 10.4.2.1). As Lee and Yu observe, "[i]n empirical applications with spatial panel data, it seems that investigators tend to limit their focus on some spatial structures and ignore others, and in addition, no serial correlation is considered" [13] (p. 1370).…”