The Role of Urinary N-acetyl Beta-D-glucosaminidase in Children with Urological Problems

Ali, Raghad J.; Al-Obaidi, Firyal H.; Arif, Hala S.

doi:10.5001/omj.2014.74

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It specifically cleaves N-acetyl-glucosamine from larger precursors. NAG cannot be reabsorbed in the glomeruli because of its relatively high molecular weight; it is rapidly cleared from circulation by the liver ( 64 ). Urinary NAG concentration is a sensitive index of renal tubular function because its presence in the urine is primarily attributable to proximal tubule cell damage.…”

Section: Currently Proposed Biomarkers For Early Detection Of Akimentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyruvate Kinase M2: A Novel Biomarker for the Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury

et al. 2016

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The identification of biomarkers for the early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) is clinically important. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is closely associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Conventional biomarkers, such as serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), are frequently used to diagnose AKI. However, these biomarkers increase only after significant structural damage has occurred. Recent efforts have focused on identification and validation of new noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of AKI, prior to extensive structural damage. Furthermore, AKI biomarkers can provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms of this complex and heterogeneous disease. Our previous study suggested that pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which is excreted in the urine, is a sensitive biomarker for nephrotoxicity. To appropriately and optimally utilize PKM2 as a biomarker for AKI requires its complete characterization. This review highlights the major studies that have addressed the diagnostic and prognostic predictive power of biomarkers for AKI and assesses the potential usage of PKM2 as an early biomarker for AKI. We summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the role of biomarkers and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AKI. This review will elucidate the biological basis of specific biomarkers that will contribute to improving the early detection and diagnosis of AKI.

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Section: Currently Proposed Biomarkers For Early Detection Of Akimentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyruvate Kinase M2: A Novel Biomarker for the Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury

et al. 2016

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“…Combination of cefepime and SHLI caused increased urinary NAG level. This might be attributed to the progressive cellular and tubular dysfunction manifested histopathologically (Ali et al, 2014). The kidney function can be evaluated by a number of methods, including the assessment of urinary enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pharmacokinetics change of cefepime after Shuanghuanglian injection administration in subjects with the renal damage

Chen

Min

Zhao

et al. 2015

Drug and Chemical Toxicology

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Shuanghuanglian injection (SHLI) has been widely used for administration with cephalosporin in China for long time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological properties and biochemical changes of cefepime combined with SHLI. The SD rats included were received either an intravenous (iv. 4 mL/kg) dose of normal saline, or intravenous (iv. 0.74, 0.37, 0.185 g/kg, respectively) doses of SHLI once daily for 7 days. After last administration, cefepime (0.41 g/kg) was intravenous injected to the animals. The serum and urine samples were acquired and stored at 4 °C. They were used for quantitative determination of urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and N-acetyl-B-d-glucosaminidase (NAG). At different time points, the levels of cefepime in rat plasma were estimated for pharmacokinetic measures by HPLC. Aspirin was selected as internal standard (IS). The results showed that there were positive effects by increasing the total amount of CRE, BUN, NAG and urine protein (p < 0.01 or <0.05) and decreasing the levels of ALP (especially the high dose group of SHLI with cefepime) (p < 0.01). Besides, the pharmacokinetic results indicated that cefepime was distributed as non-compartment model after intravenous administration. Compared with the corresponding values for the compounds given alone, the area under the blood drug concentration time curve (AUC0-t and AUC0-∞) was better increased in middle- and high-dose groups (pall < 0.01), the mean residence time (MRT) of cefepime was larger (pall < 0.01) and the total clearance (CL) was lower at different levels. The results mean that the duration and concentration of cefepime could be prolonged and the clearance reduced while in combination with SHLI. Furthermore, the cefepime in the three tested doses caused changes of renal tubular epithelial cells while the severity of changes mainly dependent on the specific doses. In conclusion, the results above-mentioned suggest a possible contribution of drug combination in the nephrotoxicity and biochemical alterations especially at high doses. Further, monitoring measures for the renal functions are warranted to evaluate during the combination of these two drugs.

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“…Urine NAG levels are elevated in patients with upper urinary tract infection, nephrolithiasis, and reflux nephropathy [ 86 , 87 ]. In children with UUTO, urine NAG levels were significantly higher in those with hydronephrosis (with or without a vesicoureteral reflux) than healthy controls or cystitis patients [ 88 , 89 ]. The NAG level in renal pelvic urine is 7-fold higher and that in bladder urine 1.7-fold higher than in normal controls [ 89 ].…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Uutomentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles Played by Biomarkers of Kidney Injury in Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction

Washino

Hosohata

Miyagawa

2020

IJMS

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Partial or complete obstruction of the urinary tract is a common and challenging urological condition caused by a variety of conditions, including ureteral calculi, ureteral pelvic junction obstruction, ureteral stricture, and malignant ureteral obstruction. The condition, which may develop in patients of any age, induces tubular and interstitial injury followed by inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial fibrosis, eventually impairing renal function. The serum creatinine level is commonly used to evaluate global renal function but is not sensitive to early changes in the glomerular filtration rate and unilateral renal damage. Biomarkers of acute kidney injury are useful for the early detection and monitoring of kidney injury induced by upper urinary tract obstruction. These markers include levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), monocyte chemotactic protein-1, kidney injury molecule 1, N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase, and vanin-1 in the urine and serum NGAL and cystatin C concentrations. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of kidney injury caused by upper urinary tract obstruction, the roles played by emerging biomarkers of obstructive nephropathy, the mechanisms involved, and the clinical utility and limitations of the biomarkers.

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The Role of Urinary N-acetyl Beta-D-glucosaminidase in Children with Urological Problems

Abstract: The assessment of urinary NAG could be considered as a useful marker in prediction of the (vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis) .Urinary NAG is elevated in children with pyelonephritis and it can be considered as a further criterion in the diagnosis of upper urinary tract infection.

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Pyruvate Kinase M2: A Novel Biomarker for the Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury

Pyruvate Kinase M2: A Novel Biomarker for the Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury

The pharmacokinetics change of cefepime after Shuanghuanglian injection administration in subjects with the renal damage

Roles Played by Biomarkers of Kidney Injury in Patients with Upper Urinary Tract Obstruction

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