“…Therefore, the distant and impersonal nature of the online environment has rendered perceived risk (Bauer, 1960;Cunningham, 1967) an inevitable element of e-commerce. Perceived risk has been heavily investigated, resulting mostly in a significant negative impact on intention to buy (e.g., Chang et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2008;Lian & Yen, 2014;Pavlou, 2003;Vila & Kuster, 2012) and insignificant in other cases (e.g., Faqih, 2016;Gupta & Kim, 2010;Jarvenpaa et al, 2000;Kim & Gupta, 2009). This variable is usually measured as a multidimensional construct comprising the facets of performance, financial, social, psychological, and time risk (Forsythe & Shi, 2003;Jacoby & Kaplan, 1972).…”