The role of vapour deposition in the hydrophobization treatment of cellulose fibres using alkyl ketene dimers and alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides

Zhang, Hailong; Kannangara, Dushmantha Sisiranath; Hilder, Matthias; Ettl, Roland; Shen, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.10.059

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These absorption bands, which increase in intensity with increasing amounts of AKD involved in the modification procedure, prove the ring opening of AKD and are indicative of covalent bonding with the cellulose surface (Song et al 2012). In parallel, absorption bands at 1467 and 720 cm -1 associated with -CH-stretching and deformation vibrations of alkyl chains (Yoshida et al 2005;Zhang et al 2007), also appear and increase in intensity with increasing amount of AKD. These changes in the infrared spectra of MFC indicate that AKD was consumed during the reaction and at least partly bonded covalently via by esterification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Another intensive peak at 1465 cm -1 is due to -CH 2 -bending. The bands at 1848 and 1721 cm -1 are the stretching peaks of the enol and carbonyl group in the lactone ring, respectively (Zhang et al 2007;Seo et al 2008). These bands are no longer apparent in AKD-modified MFC, indicating structural changes of AKD during MFC modification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, the procedures reported involved cellulose dissolved in a lithium chloride/1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (LiCl/DMI) system, where subsequently reaction with AKD melt under homogeneous condition took place. Cellulose fibers were modified heterogeneously by AKD vapor redeposition (Hutton and Shen 2005;Zhang et al 2007) or impregnated with subcritical and supercritical carbon dioxide (Hutton and Parker 2009;Russler et al 2012). However, these treatment processes are always laborious or result in uneven AKD distribution, which may limit their suitability for scaling up in industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

et al. 2016

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In order to produce dry and hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) in a simple procedure, its modification with alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was performed. For this purpose, MFC was solventexchanged to ethyl acetate and mixed with AKD dissolved in the same solvent. Curing at 130°C for 20 h under the catalysis of 1-methylimidazole yielded a dry powder. Scanning electron microscopy of the powder indicated loss in nanofibrillar structure due to aggregation, but discrete microfibrillar structures were still present. Water contact angle measurements of films produced from modified and unmodified MFC showed high hydrophobicity after AKD treatment, which persisted even after extraction with THF for 8 h. The hydrophobized MFC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray analysis. In summary, strong indications for the presence of AKD on the surface of MFC before and after extraction with solvent were found, but only a very small amount of covalent b-ketoester linkages between the modification agent and cellulose was revealed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

et al. 2016

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“…As AKD in paper is subjected to moderate heat for curing treatment, it redistributes in the fibre matrix via several possible mechanisms: capillary wicking along fibre gaps (Shen and Parker 2001); vaporization and re-deposition (Zhang et al 2007); fibre wetting by AKD via autophobic precursor (Seppanen et al 2000;Shen and Parker 2001); low-temperature spreading after curing treatment (Shen et al 2003). Among those mechanisms, the capillary wicking and vapour re-deposition are fast redistribution mechanisms, whereas the autophobic precursor and low temperature spreading after curing treatment are very slow mechanisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in patterned paper sizing for fabrication of paper-based microfluidic sensors

2010

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In this paper, we report the progress in using paper sizing chemistry to fabricate patterned paper for chemical and biological sensing applications. Patterned paper sizing uses paper sizing agents to selectively hydrophobize certain area of a sheet. The hydrophilic-hydrophobic contrast of the pattern so created has an excellent ability to control capillary penetration of aqueous liquids in channels of the pattern. Incorporating this idea with digital ink jet printing technique, a new fabrication method of paper-based microfluidic devices is established. Ink jet printing can deliver biomolecules and chemicals with precision into the microfluidic patterns to form biological/chemical sensing sites within the patterns, forming the complete sensing devices. This study shows the potential of combining paper sizing chemistry and ink jet printing to produce paper-based sensors at low cost and at commercial volume.

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“…In the presence of water, however, particularly if the conditions are not carefully controlled, ASA can undergo hydrolysis. Many studies on ASA sizing have been conducted, for example, in regard to (a) the ASA emulsion stability (Lee et al 2004;Koskela et al 2003;Chen et al 1986;Guan et al 2002;Hatanaka et al 1991;Bajpai et al 2008;Wang and Hu 2005), (b) the ASA sizing mechanism (Wang et al 2005;Lindfors et al 2005;Zhang et al 2007;Sato et al 2000), (c) the effect of papermaking wet-end variables on its sizing performance (Fernandes and Duarte 2006;Wasser and Brinen 1998;Liden and Tollander 2004;Mccarthy and Stratton 1987;Saolainen 1996), and (d) the ASA content measurement techniques (Sato and Isogai 2003;Yano et al 1992), all of which were limited to a HYPfree furnish. Several studies, on the other hand, have been carried out on using HYP and its effects on the sizing behaviour in the AKD and rosin acid sizing systems (Li et al 2001(Li et al , 2002a, but not the ASA system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substitution of High-Yield-Pulp for Hardwood Bleached Kraft Pulp in Paper Production and Its Effect on Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride Sizing

Chen¹,

Ni²,

He³

2012

BioResources

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In recent years there has been an increasing interest in using high-yield pulp (HYP) as a partial replacement for hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HWBKP) in the production of high-quality fine papers as a cost-effective way of improving the product performance. This study investigated the substitution of HYP for HWBKP and its effect on the Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride (ASA) sizing performance. The results showed that the substitution of an aspen HYP for HWBKP can increase the ASA sizing performance at a HYP substitution as high as 15 to 20%. The ASA addition sequence has an influence on the ASA sizing performance and first adding ASA to the HYP followed by mixing with kraft pulps was the preferred method. Using precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) as a paper filler at a dosage of less than 20% can increase the ASA sizing performance due to the contribution of the calcium soap of the hydrolysed ASA. A PCC dosage greater than 20% resulted in a negative impact on the sizing performance. It was also found that different PCC loading sequences can also affect the ASA sizing performance.

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The role of vapour deposition in the hydrophobization treatment of cellulose fibres using alkyl ketene dimers and alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides

Cited by 40 publications

References 8 publications

Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

Dry, hydrophobic microfibrillated cellulose powder obtained in a simple procedure using alkyl ketene dimer

Progress in patterned paper sizing for fabrication of paper-based microfluidic sensors

Substitution of High-Yield-Pulp for Hardwood Bleached Kraft Pulp in Paper Production and Its Effect on Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride Sizing

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