The role of vision in obese and normal-weight children's gait control

D’Hondt, Eva; Segers, Veerle; Deforche, Bénédicte; Shultz, Sarah P.; Tanghe, Ann; Gentier, Ilse; Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse De; Clercq, Dirk De; Lenoir, Matthieu

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.10.090

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In adults, visual deprivation during walking induces negative changes in the spatiotemporal patterns of gait, such as a reduction in walking speed and step length and an increase in double support duration [10][11][12] . The same gait adaptations are observed in children walking in the dark 13 , in subjects walking in a virtual reality environment which induces conflicts to the visual system 14,15 , and in subjects with visual problems 12,16,17 . Apparently, these patterns are adopted as a strategy to keep the COM close to the BOS, maintaining a careful gait as seen when walking in situations with an increased risk of slipping 7 or in elderly populations with a history of falls 18,19 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The lack of differences in walking stability may be explained by the maintenance of gait velocity. This is probably the most significant result of the study, since total visual deprivation reduces self-selected gait velocity 10,12,13 and the occlusion of peripheral vision leads to a decrease in walking speed 22 and an increase in the risk of falls 23 . This fact indicates that a partial reduction in lighting in subjects with good visual acuity may not be sufficient to reduce gait velocity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Estabilidade da marcha de adultos em diferentes condições visuais: estudo piloto

Silveira

Lemos

Pranke

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-The visual system is fundamental for the control of gait stability. Visual deprivation or impairment can deteriorate walking stability in adults; however, in daily life, adults are exposed to different light intensities rather than visual deprivation. The objective of this study was to investigate gait stability in young adults exposed to different visual conditions. Ten adults without visual problems participated in the study. The subjects walked at two speeds (self-selected and 30% faster) under four visual conditions: normal vision and using three different masks covered with automotive film to reduce the passage of light to the eye (50% > 20% > 5% -lowest light passage). Stability parameters (margin of stability -MOS, center of mass separation -COM SEP , and time-to-contactTtC) obtained by analysis of the COM displacement relative to the base of support, and spatiotemporal parameters (step length, gait velocity, and support time) were assessed. The different visual conditions did not affect gait stability or spatiotemporal parameters at the two walking speeds studied. The variations in stability between visual conditions relative to normal vision were not expressive for MOS (< 4%), COM SEP (< 7%), or TtC (< 6%) at the two walking speeds. This lack of changes in stability may have been due to maintenance of the spatiotemporal characteristics because of the strong association between these characteristics. The adults studied can control stability without changing their gait patterns under different visual conditions, and lower light intensities do not increase the risk of falls. Key words: Postural balance; Vision; Walking. Resumo -O sistema visual é fundamental no controle estável da marcha. A privação ou perturbação da visão pode deteriorar a estabilidade da caminhada em adultos, porém, diariamente, eles estão submetidos a diferentes luminosidades e não nas situações desafiadoras citadas. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a estabilidade da marcha de adultos em diferentes condições visuais. Dez adultos sem problemas visuais participaram do estudo. Os sujeitos caminharam em duas velocidades (autosselecionada e 30% mais rápida) e quatro condições visuais: visão normal e usando três diferentes máscaras envolvidas por película automotiva, permitindo passagem de níveis reduzidos de luz até o olho (50% > 20% > 5% -menor passagem de luz). Os parâmetros de estabilidade (margem de estabilidade -MOS

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Estabilidade da marcha de adultos em diferentes condições visuais: estudo piloto

Silveira

Lemos

Pranke

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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“…The perceptual constraint added by the line is more influential in this task and includes a visual component. A study on gait control in obese and normal-weight children investigated the effect of vision in children in their early teens [45]. The obese children were more dependent on vision than the normal-weight children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Body Composition and Motor Performance in Preschool Children

et al. 2017

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Objective: Being overweight makes physical movement more difficult. Our aim was to investigate the association between body composition and motor performance in preschool children. Methods: A total of 476 predominantly normal-weight preschool children (age 3.9 ± 0.7 years; m/f: 251/225; BMI 16.0 ± 1.4 kg/m²) participated in the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY). Body composition assessments included skinfold thickness, waist circumference (WC), and BMI. The Zurich Neuromotor Assessment (ZNA) was used to assess gross and fine motor tasks. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, sociocultural characteristics, and physical activity (assessed with accelerometers), skinfold thickness and WC were both inversely correlated with jumping sideward (gross motor task β-coefficient -1.92, p = 0.027; and -3.34, p = 0.014, respectively), while BMI was positively correlated with running performance (gross motor task β-coefficient 9.12, p = 0.001). No significant associations were found between body composition measures and fine motor tasks. Conclusion: The inverse associations between skinfold thickness or WC and jumping sideward indicates that children with high fat mass may be less proficient in certain gross motor tasks. The positive association between BMI and running suggests that BMI might be an indicator of fat-free (i.e., muscle) mass in predominately normal-weight preschool children.

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“…Therefore, a higher body weight can impair mechanoreceptors in muscles that could explain the slightly lower somatosensory score observed in this study. In a recent study (D'Hondt et al, 2011), overweight children presented lower plantar cutaneous sensation than normal weight children. The authors suggested that excessive body weight might decrease the quality of sensory information provided by mechanoreceptors on the foot, which can contribute to postural instability; however, no differences in the postural sway were observed between the two groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A study that investigated the effect of sensory information on balance maintenance reported that overweight children have lower plantar cutaneous sensation compared with normal weight individuals, but no difference in the postural sway between groups was observed (D'Hondt et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Integration and Response to Balance Perturbation in Overweight Physically Active Individuals

Cheung

Azevedo

2015

Journal of Motor Behavior

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The purpose of this study was to compare sensory integration and response to balance perturbation between physically active normal weight and overweight adults. Physically active young adults were grouped into normal weight (N=45) or overweight (N=17) according to the WHO body mass index classification for Asian adults. Participants underwent two balance tests: sensory organization and motor control. Overweight participants presented marginally lower somatosensory score compared to normal weight participants. However, they scored significantly higher in response to balance perturbation.There was no difference in the onset of participants' active response to balance perturbation.Physical activity might have contributed to improved muscle strength and improved the ability of overweight individuals to maintain balance.

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The role of vision in obese and normal-weight children's gait control

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Estabilidade da marcha de adultos em diferentes condições visuais: estudo piloto

Estabilidade da marcha de adultos em diferentes condições visuais: estudo piloto

Association between Body Composition and Motor Performance in Preschool Children

Sensory Integration and Response to Balance Perturbation in Overweight Physically Active Individuals

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