“…The triboelectrostatic separator consists of two vertical electrode plates and of ejector-tribocharger. The ash particles are charged, injected to an electric field (formed by two plate electrodes) and collected separately depending on their charge (UC is attracted to negative electrode) [157,86,135,136,[149][150][151][152]. However, exposure of the ash to moisture (which is rather common phenomenon) can bring about undesirable behavior and according to Baltrus et al [136] it can be overcome by the addition of Na, Ca or borate ions.…”
Section: Separation Of Uc From Coal Ashmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Isotropy/anisotropy. Another important factor is isotropic/ anisotropic character of the studied structure, presence/absence of mineral matter grains, coal particles or fragments [150].…”
“…The triboelectrostatic separator consists of two vertical electrode plates and of ejector-tribocharger. The ash particles are charged, injected to an electric field (formed by two plate electrodes) and collected separately depending on their charge (UC is attracted to negative electrode) [157,86,135,136,[149][150][151][152]. However, exposure of the ash to moisture (which is rather common phenomenon) can bring about undesirable behavior and according to Baltrus et al [136] it can be overcome by the addition of Na, Ca or borate ions.…”
Section: Separation Of Uc From Coal Ashmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Isotropy/anisotropy. Another important factor is isotropic/ anisotropic character of the studied structure, presence/absence of mineral matter grains, coal particles or fragments [150].…”
“…Electrostatic separation must be carried out on dry material, as fly ash and unburned carbon cannot be charged and separated in wet form due to capillary cohesion forces. Researches, carried out on electrostatic carbon removal of wet-stored (ponded) fly ash after drying, have found that a charge reversal of carbon occurs [4,18,28]. It is necessary to mention, that the mechanism that changes the relative work function and thus contact-charging behavior of the material nevertheless has been not yet understood.…”
Section: Particle Size Distribution and Loss-on-ignitionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Triboelectrostatic beneficiation of fly ash with high-unburned carbon content can produce low-carbon ash products having value as mineral additions and meeting technical requirements for replacing cement in concrete [18]. This effect is of paramount significance when the beneficiated fly ash will be used in concretes with high volume of mineral additions in particular high-volume fly ash concrete (HVFAC) which contains normally more than 50 % fly ash by mass of total cementitious materials [9].…”
The article presents the investigation results of effect of beneficiated ponded fly ash on the properties of cement pastes and concretes with high-level replacement of Portland cement. To improve the characteristics of ponded fly ash meeting technical requirements for replacing cement in concrete the triboelectrostatic beneficiation technology has been elaborated. This technology can produce low-carbon ash product (LOI = 2.52 % in this study) for the high replacing level of cement (45 %) in concretes. The beneficiated ponded fly ash has an improved granulometric and phase composition, a decreased content of unburned carbon that accelerates the hydration process of cement, increases the rheological properties of cement paste and the ability of air-entraining admixture to hold the required involved air. In a combination with the nanostructured-carbon-based plasticizing admixture the beneficiated ponded fly ash exhibits high rate of strength increase when is used in high-volume fly ash concretes.
“…The coal fired plants has been cited to be the most polluting sources by the environmentalists [1][2]. Fly ash is a solid waste produced by coal-fired power plants and its yield is about 1=3 to 1=4 of the total coal consumed during the thermo-electrical process [3][4][5]. It has been reported that the amount of fly ash accumulation has reached over 12 billion tons in China and it increases 0.16 billion tons annually.…”
Triboelectrostatic Beneficiation is a suitable dry process technique recognized widely to remove unburned carbon from fly ash. One of the most significant problems related to fly ash triboelectrostatic beneficiation is the cross-sectional shape of the friction rods. It has an important effect on tribocharging process. The purpose of this research was to determine which kind of cross-sectional shape of the friction rods was appropriate to improve the efficiency of fly ash tribocharging and to remove unburned carbon. An experimental program was conducted to study the effect of four kinds of friction rods with different cross-sectional shapes on tribocharging of fly ash particles. Fly ash particles with sizes ranging from 38 to 74 mm and averaged LOI of 12.65% were used for the study. The operating conditions were electric field voltage of 40 KV and air flux ranging from 12 to 24 m 3 =h. The results of the study showed that tribocharging efficiency of circular shape friction rods was higher than that of others shapes of rods The removal unburned carbon efficiency of friction rods with circular shape was the best among the four kinds of friction rods evaluated, based on the LOI and unburned carbon rate removal.
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