The Role of Woman as Agents of Change and Development in Pakistan

Hasan, Rafia

doi:10.2307/761896

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although he claims to be closer to the Allah, Pir violates the basic religious principle of Islam and commits several social crimes. Regarding the position of women in Islamic society, Hasan (1981) argues that "equality in the role and status in Islam has been ensured and dealt comprehensively within the framework of rights and privileges in an Islamic society" (p. 68). Hasan advocates for gender equality to ensure fundamental human rights in Islamic society.…”

Section: Subjugation Of Women and Sense Of Female Bonding In The Novelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance through Female Bonding in Tehmina Durrani's Blasphemy

Kandel

2021

BMC J. Sc. Res.

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The present research article analyses the suffering of women and their resistance against oppressive Islamic patriarchy through female bonding in Tehmina Durrani’s Blasphemy. In doing so, it offers the working definition of the term “feminism” as a tool of inquiry. It mainly focuses on the suffering of Heer, the protagonist of the novel, due to her loveless marriage with Pir Sain. It exposes the easy distortion of Islam by so-called hypocritical religious leaders like Pir Sain. The suffering of Heer and other female characters in the novel reveal the problems in the cultural and social setting of the Islamic culture and religion. Heer is repeatedly beaten, raped and humiliated by her abusive husband Pir. Pir forces her to live in the world that he has constructed for her. Her marriage with Pir utterly fails as it turns out to be a source of trouble and repression of her self-satisfaction. When she fails to tolerate severe torture and domestic violence, she decides to revolt against it. This paper concludes that Heer is able to resist sexual abuse and exploitation through female bonding. In doing so, she is able to assert her female selfhood.

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Section: Subjugation Of Women and Sense Of Female Bonding In The Novelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance through Female Bonding in Tehmina Durrani's Blasphemy

Kandel

2021

BMC J. Sc. Res.

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“…Marriage is central in Islam and is incumbent on every man and woman unless physical or financial obstacles make it impossible (Karlsson and Mansory 2007). As wives, women are not supposed to contribute to the household by earning a salary or being socially engaged, but through the nurturing of the values of Islam, by influencing their husbands and male relatives, and by socializing youth into Islamic culture (Cook 2001;Hasan 1981;Willmer 1996;Grünenfelder 2013).…”

Section: Gender Culture Identity and Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muslim Refugees in Serbia – Narrating Gender Role Identity Change

2019

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Forced migration is a highly stressful event that can cause changes in identity work. The aim of this research was to determine in what way the migration and prolonged stay in Serbia, a country that differs from both the refugees’ heritage cultures and wished host cultures on many cultural dimensions, influenced the young Muslim refugees’ gender role identities. Semi-structured interviews with seven female and eight male refugees coming from Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan, staying for several months in Serbia were conducted. Narrative inquiry, focused on recurring themes and changes in the past- and present-time narratives about gender role identities, yielded three types of narratives. The most frequent narrative, Expressing what was suppressed, points to identical past- and present-time narratives, but significant changes in the way gender role identities are expressed and pursued, self-confidence and interpersonal relationships. In narrative Reinventing oneself a major shift in gender role identity was noticed. Narrative Remaining the same, reflects changes in neither gender role identities nor their expression. Most participants applied integration strategies during the migration and moved towards individualism, femininity and rational values, whereas a few, exclusively male refugees, retained traditional patriarchal values.

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“…This resolution was the basis for the formation of a central sub-committee for women and of subsequent provincial and district sub-committees through which women could become increasingly politically active (Hasan, 1981;Willmer, 1996). According to the reviewed literature, privileged women such as Muhammad Ali Jinnah's sister Fatima Jinnah used the space that was discursively created to participate in the anti-colonial and nationalist struggle as political activists (Ansari, 2009(Ansari, : 1434Haq, 1996: 160ff;Mumtaz & Shaheed, 1987;Rouse, 2004: 19;Syed, 2006: 108;Willmer, 1996).…”

Section: Women's Work As a Contribution To National Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women's traditional activities as wives and mothers were still represented as their main contribution to the nationalist struggle. As wives, women were expected to influence their husbands and male relatives; and as mothers, they were asked to socialise youth into Islamic culture (Cook, 2001;Hasan, 1981;Willmer, 1996). This suggests that the discursive space for women's political engagement remained limited throughout the 1950s.…”

Section: Women's Work As a Contribution To National Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discourses of gender identities and gender roles in Pakistan: Women and non-domestic work in political representations

Grünenfelder

2013

Women's Studies International Forum

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This paper aims to explore some of the manifold and changing links that official Pakistani state discourses forged between women and work from the 1940s to the late 2000s. The focus of the analysis is on discursive spaces that have been created for women engaged in non-domestic work. Starting from an interpretation of the existing academic literature, this paper argues that Pakistani women's non-domestic work has been conceptualised in three major ways: as a contribution to national development, as a danger to the nation, and as non-existent. The paper concludes that although some conceptualisations of work have been more powerful than others and, at specific historical junctures, have become part of concrete state policies, alternative conceptualisations have always existed alongside them. Disclosing the state's implication in the discursive construction of working women's identities might contribute to the destabilisation of hegemonic concepts of gendered divisions of labour in Pakistan. Discourses of Gender Identities and Gender Roles in Pakistan: Women and Non-domestic Work in Political Representations AbstractThis paper aims to explore some of the manifold and changing links that official Pakistani state discourses forged between women and work from the 1940s to the late 2000s. The focus of the analysis is on discursive spaces that have been created for women engaged in non-domestic work. Starting from an interpretation of the existing academic literature, this paper argues that Pakistani women's non-domestic work has been conceptualised in three major ways: as a contribution to national development, as a danger to the nation, and as non-existent. The paper concludes that although some conceptualisations of work have been more powerful than others and, at specific historical junctures, have become part of concrete state policies, alternative conceptualisations have always existed alongside them. Disclosing the state's implication in the discursive construction of working women's identities might contribute to the destabilisation of hegemonic concepts of gendered divisions of labour in Pakistan.

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The Role of Woman as Agents of Change and Development in Pakistan

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Resistance through Female Bonding in Tehmina Durrani's Blasphemy

Resistance through Female Bonding in Tehmina Durrani's Blasphemy

Muslim Refugees in Serbia – Narrating Gender Role Identity Change

Discourses of gender identities and gender roles in Pakistan: Women and non-domestic work in political representations

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