The roles of co-composted biochar (COMBI) in improving soil quality, crop productivity, and toxic metal amelioration

Antonângelo, João Arthur; Sun, Xiao; Zhang, Hailin

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111443

Cited by 136 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…From the study, we observed that the initial available phosphorous content was increased significantly (p < 0.05) for all treatments during composting. The improvement of phosphate content in compost with biochar was mostly due to high phosphorus (P) reserves in the biochar added [27] and mineralization and microbial utilization of organic P compounds [14]. As showed in Table 4, khat-derived biochar also increased the available P during composting, and the maximum P was recorded for 5% khat-derived biochar amended compost.…”

Section: The Chemical and Moisture Contents Of Organic Municipal Wastmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

et al. 2020

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Biochar is a way to improve the performance of the composting process and the quality of compost. This study was aimed to investigate the optimum ratio of khat straw (Catha edulis) biochar and organic municipal solid waste mixtures to improve the quality of the resulting co-composts. Khat-derived biochar during pyrolysis at 350 °C was added to organic municipal solid waste mix and four co-composting treatments were prepared with the compositions (% w/w): control compost (no biochar) and 5%, 15%, and 25% co-composted biochar in three replicates. The total organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium values ranged as 16.76–21.45%, 30.77–40.26%, 0.97–1.68%, 0.58–0.76%, and 12.72–15.29%, respectively. The results confirmed that 5% and 15% co-composted khat biochars had significantly reduced (p < 0.05) organic matter loss and increased the contents of cation exchange capacity, pH, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and zinc compared to the control compost, while some heavy metals (Fe, Cu, and Mn) and EC values in co-composted biochars are lower than the control compost. Khat-derived biochar could be added to municipal organic waste mix at 5–15% (w/w) in order to get better quality of compost, which can be used as biofertilizer.

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Section: The Chemical and Moisture Contents Of Organic Municipal Wastmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Ref. [27] in their studies have showed that feedstocks with higher content of lignin have higher biochar yield, while biomass with higher content of cellulose and hemicellulose resulted in production of more volatile compounds. The biochar yield for typical slow pyrolysis process is about 35% [28].…”

Section: Biochar Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

et al. 2020

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“…On the other hand, quick decomposition of organic materials promotes nutrient loss and may pose serious problems on nutrient pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Thus, co-application of compost and biochar is proposed as an option to reduce potential environmental risks [84]. Figure S3 depicts the generalized effect of biochar on nutrient dynamics, management of soil acidification, changes in crop performance, and immobilization of pollutants, and will guide our discussion in this section.…”

Section: Implications Of Biochar Interactions With Soils For Agricultural Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical-Systematic Review of the Interactions of Biochar with Soils and the Observable Outcomes

et al. 2021

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Biochar research has experienced a significant increase in the recent two decades. It is growing quickly, with hundreds of reviews, including meta-analyses, that have been published reporting diverse effects of biochar on soil properties and plant performance. However, an in-depth synthesis of biochar–soil interactions at the molecular level is not available. For instance, in many meta-analyses, the effects of biochar on soil properties and functions were summarized without focusing on the specificity of the biochar and soil properties. When applied to soils, biochar interacts with different soil components including minerals, organic matter, gases, liquids, and nutrients, while it also changes soil microbial community structure and their occurrence. These different interactions modify soil physicochemical properties with consequences for dynamic changes in nutrient availability and, thus, plant performance. This review systematically analyzed biochar effects on soil properties and functions: (a) soil physical properties; (b) chemical properties; (c) biological properties; and (d) functions (plant performance, nutrient cycling, etc.). Our synthesis revealed that the surface properties of biochar (specific surface area and charge) and its associated nutrient content determine its role in the soil. At the same time, the extent of changes depends on soil properties, suggesting that both biochar and soil properties need to be considered for harvesting benefits of biochar application. Altogether, we believe our synthesis will provide a guide for researchers and practitioners for future research as well as large-scale field applications.

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“…With respect to composting, biochar addition is expected to improve the humification process, enhancing microbial diversity and activity as well as reducing the production of greenhouse gas emissions by their sequestration [8]. Further, it is thought to immobilize toxic metals [5] and organic pollutants [9] associated with the feedstock of the compost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Solid-State HETCOR 1H-13C NMR Experiments with Variable Cross Polarization Times as a Tool for a Better Understanding of the Chemistry of Cellulose-Based Pyrochars—A Tutorial

Knicker

Velasco-Molina

Knicker³

2021

Applied Sciences

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The chemistry and nature of biochars are still far from being well understood. In the present work, solid-state 2D HETCOR 1H-13C NMR spectroscopy is introduced for an improved characterization of the aromatic network in biochars. To that end, a pyrochar obtained from the pyrolysis of cellulose at 350 °C for 1 h was used as an example. Variation of the contact time during cross polarization from 50 µs, to 200 µs and 1000 µs gave information about the protonation degree of the different C groups and their interactions. We demonstrated that carbohydrates did not survive the used pyrolysis conditions. Therefore, O-alkyl C was assigned to ethers. Phenols were not identified to a higher extent suggesting that furan and benzofuran-type units determine the O-functionality of the aromatic domains. The latter are directly connected to alkyl chains. Those features are expected to affect chemical but also physical properties of the biochar. Based on our results, we developed a new concept describing the nature of the aromatic network in the studied cellulose-based pyrochars. The latter contrasts common views about the chemical nature of biochar, possibly because pyrolysis temperatures > 350 °C are required for achieving advanced condensation of the aromatic domains.

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The roles of co-composted biochar (COMBI) in improving soil quality, crop productivity, and toxic metal amelioration

Cited by 136 publications

References 107 publications

Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

A Critical-Systematic Review of the Interactions of Biochar with Soils and the Observable Outcomes

2D Solid-State HETCOR 1H-13C NMR Experiments with Variable Cross Polarization Times as a Tool for a Better Understanding of the Chemistry of Cellulose-Based Pyrochars—A Tutorial

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