The roles of microbial products in the development of colorectal cancer: a review

Abstract

A large number of microbes exist in the gut and they have the ability to process and utilize ingested food. It has been reported that their products are involved in colorectal cancer development. The molecular mechanisms which underlie the relationship between gut microbial products and CRC are still not fully understood. The role of some microbial products in CRC is particularly controversial. Elucidating the effects of gut microbiota products on CRC and their possible mechanisms is vital for CRC prevention and treatment. In this review, recent studies are examined in order to describe the contribution metabolites and toxicants which are produced by gut microbes make to CRC, primarily focusing on the involved molecular mechanisms.

A Crosstalk between Diet, Microbiome and microRNA in Epigenetic Regulation of Colorectal Cancer

“…Butyrate represents anti-CRC effects through regulation of miRNAs. SCFAs content is significantly diminished in plasma of patients with CRC, and this confirms the fact that lower SCFAs levels promotes CRC progression [152]. In vitro butyrate lowers the expression of oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster members, including miR-92a, miR-17, miR-19a/b, miR-20.…”

Firmicutes and Blautia in gut microbiota lessened in chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a pilot study

“…The imbalance of the gut microbiota leads to an increased risk of endotoxemia, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, obesity and metabolic disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, and cancer [23][24][25][26] . Currently, probiotics and prebiotics can restore the normal flora of the gut microbiome and show favorable efficacy in the treatment of some pathological conditions including liver diseases 9,27,28 .…”

Emerging roles of cystathionine β-synthase in various forms of cancer

“…From the standpoint of intestinal carcinogenesis, there are multiple lines of emerging data that a dysregulation of H 2 S homeostasis in the intestinal microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of colitis, which, in turn, may contribute to the pathogenesis of intestinal polyp formation and carcinogenesis. This field of research is covered in recent review articles [ [198] , [199] , [200] , [201] , [202] ]. As far as the host (mammalian) CBS and carcinogenesis goes, the body of literature is minimal.…”