The roles of microRNA in redox metabolism and exercise-mediated adaptation

Torma, Ferenc; Gombos, Zoltán; Jókai, Mátyás; Berkes, István; Takeda, Masaki; Mimura, Toshihide; Radák, Zsolt; Győri, Ferenc

doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2020.03.004

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(138 reference statements)

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“…microRNAs play a role in angiogenesis [ 214 ], inflammation [ 215 ], the regulation of muscle contraction [ 216 ], the response to hypoxia [ 217 ], and mitochondrial metabolism [ 218 ]. The interplay of microRNAs with mitochondria and redox regulation is also important in the brain [ 219 ].…”

Section: How Do Muscles Communicate With the Brain?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Muscle-Brain Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Key Role of Mitochondria in Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection

Burtscher

Millet

Place

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Regular exercise is associated with pronounced health benefits. The molecular processes involved in physiological adaptations to exercise are best understood in skeletal muscle. Enhanced mitochondrial functions in muscle are central to exercise-induced adaptations. However, regular exercise also benefits the brain and is a major protective factor against neurodegenerative diseases, such as the most common age-related form of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, or the most common neurodegenerative motor disorder, Parkinson’s disease. While there is evidence that exercise induces signalling from skeletal muscle to the brain, the mechanistic understanding of the crosstalk along the muscle–brain axis is incompletely understood. Mitochondria in both organs, however, seem to be central players. Here, we provide an overview on the central role of mitochondria in exercise-induced communication routes from muscle to the brain. These routes include circulating factors, such as myokines, the release of which often depends on mitochondria, and possibly direct mitochondrial transfer. On this basis, we examine the reported effects of different modes of exercise on mitochondrial features and highlight their expected benefits with regard to neurodegeneration prevention or mitigation. In addition, knowledge gaps in our current understanding related to the muscle–brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases are outlined.

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Section: How Do Muscles Communicate With the Brain?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Future systematic investigations will be necessary to determine the mechanistic role of such microRNAs [ 213 , 219 ], particularly in the communication with tissues distal from muscle, such as the brain.…”

Section: How Do Muscles Communicate With the Brain?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Muscle-Brain Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Key Role of Mitochondria in Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection

Burtscher

Millet

Place

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…One such example is miR-326 that is overexpressed in metabolically active cancer cells and targets Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2) (68). Some miRNAs are involved in the repair of damages induced by ROS (69). MiR-128a targets Polycomb complex protein (BMI-1) involved in the mitochondrial and redox homeostasis and cellular senescence in a medulloblastoma model (70).…”

Section: Mirnas Target Mitochondrial Metabolic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Regulate the Mitochondrial Metabolism via Transfer of miRNAs

et al. 2021

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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the most commonly tested adult progenitor cells in regenerative medicine. They stimulate tissue repair primarily through the secretion of immune-regulatory and pro-regenerative factors. There is increasing evidence that most of these factors are carried on extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are released by MSCs, either spontaneously or after activation. Exosomes and microvesicles are the most investigated types of EVs that act through uptake by target cells and cargo release inside the cytoplasm or through interactions with receptors expressed on target cells to stimulate downstream intracellular pathways. They convey different types of molecules, including proteins, lipids and acid nucleics among which, miRNAs are the most widely studied. The cargo of EVs can be impacted by the culture or environmental conditions that MSCs encounter and by changes in the energy metabolism that regulate the functional properties of MSCs. On the other hand, MSC-derived EVs are also reported to impact the metabolism of target cells. In the present review, we discuss the role of MSC-EVs in the regulation of the energy metabolism and oxidative stress of target cells and tissues with a focus on the role of miRNAs.

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“…In addition, specific training protocols are known to affect different signaling pathways and thus affect various characteristics associated with exercise, including angiogenesis, inflammation, muscle recovery, mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolic adaptation, and many others [130,131]. However, the molecular mechanisms of these physiological changes have not yet been determined, and are also subject to significant interindividual variability.…”

Section: The Role Of Epigenetics In Athletic Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Portrait of an Athlete

et al. 2021

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Sequencing of the human genome and further developments in “omics” technologies have opened up new possibilities in the study of molecular mechanisms underlying athletic performance. It is expected that molecular markers associated with the development and manifestation of physical qualities (speed, strength, endurance, agility, and flexibility) can be successfully used in the selection systems in sports. This includes the choice of sports specialization, optimization of the training process, and assessment of the current functional state of an athlete (such as overtraining). This review summarizes and analyzes the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies conducted in the field of sports medicine.

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The roles of microRNA in redox metabolism and exercise-mediated adaptation

Cited by 23 publications

References 133 publications

The Muscle-Brain Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Key Role of Mitochondria in Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection

The Muscle-Brain Axis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Key Role of Mitochondria in Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Regulate the Mitochondrial Metabolism via Transfer of miRNAs

Molecular Portrait of an Athlete

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