The Roles of Sclerostin in Immune System and the Applications of Aptamers in Immune-Related Research

Sun, Meiheng; Chen, Zihao; Wu, Xiaoqiu; Yu, Yuanyuan; Wang, Luyao; Lü, Aiping; Zhang, Ge; Li, Fangfei

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.602330

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Additionally, SOST has been con rmed to be a Wnt signaling antagonist that is very important in SSc pathogenesis [1,42]. SOST has also been reported to modulate immune cell development and differentiation of B, Th17, and Treg cells [43]. Therefore, serum calcitonin and SOST were proposed as biomarkers for patients with SSc and SSc-related pulmonary complications in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Protein profiling in systemic sclerosis patients with different pulmonary complications using proteomic antibody microarray

Huang,

Zhu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) are leading causes of systemic sclerosis (SSc) -related death. In this study, we aimed to identify biomarkers for detecting SSc pulmonary complications that are mild and in the early stages to improve the prognosis. Methods: We screened for serum biomarkers using a proteomic antibody microarray that simultaneously assessed 1,000 proteins. Differentially expressed proteins were further verified using ELISA. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis using clinical data. Results: We identified 125 differentially expressed proteins, of which calcitonin, sclerostin (SOST), CD40, and fibronectin were selected for further verification. Serum calcitonin and SOST levels were significantly elevated in all SSc pulmonary complication subgroups, whereas serum calcitonin levels were higher in the SSc with PAH subgroup than in the SSc without PAH and ILD subgroup. Serum SOST levels were possibly associated with the presence of ILD and positively related to the presence of cardiac and gastrointestinal involvement. Serum CD40 and calcitonin levels appeared to be positively related to the presence of renal involvement, and serum calcitonin was also positively related to the presence of gastrointestinal involvement. Conclusions: This study indicated that serum calcitonin and SOST levels may be promising biomarkers for SSc-related PAH and ILD, respectively. Further research is needed to verify this result and understand the underlying mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Protein profiling in systemic sclerosis patients with different pulmonary complications using proteomic antibody microarray

Huang,

Zhu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Many signalling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, contribute to regulation of haematopoiesis in adults (Geest & Coffer 2009, Luis et al 2011, Huang et al 2012. Sclerostin depletion has been shown to affect B-lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis, as well as other changes within the bone marrow cavity that could affect haematopoiesis (Donham et al 2021, Sun et al 2021. Furthermore, lack of sclerostin results in increased B-cell apoptosis and decreased CXCL12 (an important B-cell growth stimulating factor) expression (Cain et al 2012).…”

Section: Sclerostin and The Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel insights on the effect of sclerostin on bone and other organs

Dreyer

Keen

Wells

et al. 2023

Journal of Endocrinology

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As a key regulator of bone homeostasis, sclerostin has garnered a lot of interest over the last two decades. Although sclerostin is primarily expressed by osteocytes and is well known for its role in bone formation and remodelling, it is also expressed by a number of other cells and potentially plays a role in other organs. Herein, we aim to bring together recent sclerostin research and discuss the effect of sclerostin on bone, cartilage, muscle, liver, kidney and the cardiovascular and immune systems. Particular focus is placed on its role in disease, such as osteoporosis and myeloma bone disease, and the novel development of sclerostin as a therapeutic target. Anti-sclerostin antibodies have recently been approved for treatment of osteoporosis. However, a cardiovascular signal was observed, prompting extensive research into the role of sclerostin in vascular and bone tissue crosstalk. Heightened sclerostin expression in chronic kidney disease resulted in investigation of its role in liver-lipid-bone interactions, and recent discovery of sclerostin as a myokine prompted new research into sclerostin within the bone-muscle relationship. Clearly the effects of sclerostin reach beyond that of bone alone. We further summarise recent developments in the use of sclerostin as a potential therapeutic for osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma and sclerosteosis. Together, these new treatments and discoveries illustrate progress within the field, however, also highlight remaining gaps in our knowledge.

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“…Sclerostin has become a recognized target for osteoporosis therapy because it is a negative regulator of bone formation. Numerous studies demonstrate sclerostin as a Wnt inhibitor/antagonist blocking the canonical or non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway 117 . Therefore, some aptamers were selected to inhibit the function of sclerostin.…”

Section: Separating Cells or Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aptamer Technology and Its Applications in Bone Diseases

Liu

Ning

et al. 2023

Cell Transplant

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Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids (DNA, short RNA, or other artificial molecules) produced by the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) technology, which can be tightly and specifically combined with desired targets. As a comparable alternative to antibodies, aptamers have many advantages over traditional antibodies such as a strong chemical stability and rapid bulk production. In addition, aptamers can bind targets in various ways, and are not limited like the antigen–antibody combination. Studies have shown that aptamers have tremendous potential to diagnose and treat clinical diseases. However, only a few aptamer-based drugs have been used because of limitations of the aptamers and SELEX technology. To promote the development and applications of aptamers, we present a review of the methods optimizing the SELEX technology and modifying aptamers to boost the selection success rate and improve aptamer characteristics. In addition, we review the application of aptamers to treat bone diseases.

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The Roles of Sclerostin in Immune System and the Applications of Aptamers in Immune-Related Research

Cited by 8 publications

References 98 publications

Protein profiling in systemic sclerosis patients with different pulmonary complications using proteomic antibody microarray

Protein profiling in systemic sclerosis patients with different pulmonary complications using proteomic antibody microarray

Novel insights on the effect of sclerostin on bone and other organs

Aptamer Technology and Its Applications in Bone Diseases

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