The roles of the ostiole in the fig-fig wasp mutualism from a morpho-anatomical perspective

Ibarra‐Manríquez, Guillermo; Castro-Cárdenas, Nadia; Vázquez‐Santana, Sonia; Teixeira, Simone de Pádua

doi:10.1007/s10265-022-01413-9

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…(2015) and Castro‐Cárdenas et al . (2022) further demonstrated that fragrances responsible for pollinator attraction were released by glands on the bracts. Similarly, the spathe has also been shown to be an osmophore in several aroid taxa such as Arisaema (Araceae), Cryptocoryne (Araceae), and Dracontium (Araceae) (Mayo, Bogner & Boyce, 1997; Zhu & Croat, 2004).…”

Section: Pollinator Attractionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It has been demonstrated that volatiles, which host-specific pollinating fig wasps use to locate the syconia during the receptive phase, are produced by the external parts of the figs, mainly the bracts covering the ostiole, rather than by internal floral organs (Hossaert-McKey et al, 2010). Using more precise research methods (anatomy and histolocalization of substances), Souza et al (2015) and Castro-C ardenas et al (2022) further demonstrated that fragrances responsible for pollinator attraction were released by glands on the bracts. Similarly, the spathe has also been shown to be an osmophore in several aroid taxa such as Arisaema (Araceae), Cryptocoryne (Araceae), and Dracontium (Araceae) (Mayo, Bogner & Boyce, 1997;Zhu & Croat, 2004).…”

Section: Pollinator Attractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent studies on Ficus have found that ostiolar bracts also play an important protective function through chemical defence (e.g. Souza et al, 2015;Castro-C ardenas et al, 2022). Using light and scanning electron microscopy, in combination with histolocalization, Souza et al (2015) identified five types of glands associated with the ostiolar bracts: scent glands, laticifers, phenolicproducing idioblasts, phenolic-producing epidermis, and phenolic-producing trichomes, secreting terpenes, other lipophilic substances, and phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Protection From Herbivoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to visual floral signalling that contrasts with vegetation or flowers, recent studies have found that bracts of some plants provide important olfactory cues in plant–pollinator interactions (Souza et al ., 2015; Castro‐Cárdenas et al ., 2022). In the highly specialised mutualistic relationship between fig trees and their pollinating agaonid wasps, the wasps can only access the syconia (enclosed inflorescences) through the ostiole (Fig.…”

Section: Pollinator Attractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent studies on Ficus have found that ostiolar bracts also play an important protective function through chemical defence (e.g. Souza et al ., 2015; Castro‐Cárdenas et al ., 2022). Using light and scanning electron microscopy, in combination with histolocalization, Souza et al .…”

Section: Protection From Herbivoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Multifunctionality of angiosperm floral bracts: a review

Song,

Chen,

Lev‐Yadun

et al. 2024

Biological Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Floral bracts (bracteoles, cataphylls) are leaf‐like organs that subtend flowers or inflorescences but are of non‐floral origin; they occur in a wide diversity of species, representing multiple independent origins, and exhibit great variation in form and function. Although much attention has been paid to bracts over the past 150 years, our understanding of their adaptive significance remains remarkably incomplete. This is because most studies of bract function and evolution focus on only one or a few selective factors. It is widely recognised that bracts experience selection mediated by pollinators, particularly for enhancing pollinator attraction through strong visual, olfactory, or echo‐acoustic contrast with the background and through signalling the presence of pollinator rewards, either honestly (providing rewards for pollinators), or deceptively (attraction without reward or even trapping pollinators). However, studies in recent decades have demonstrated that bract evolution is also affected by agents other than pollinators. Bracts can protect flowers, fruits, or seeds from herbivores by displaying warning signals, camouflaging conspicuous reproductive organs, or by providing physical barriers or toxic chemicals. Reviews of published studies show that bracts can also promote seed dispersal and ameliorate the effects of abiotic stressors, such as low temperature, strong ultraviolet radiation, heavy rain, drought, and/or mechanical abrasion, on reproductive organs or for the plants' pollinators. In addition, green bracts and greening of colourful bracts after pollination promote photosynthetic activity, providing substantial carbon (photosynthates) for fruit or seed development, especially late in a plant's life cycle or season, when leaves have started to senesce. A further layer of complexity derives from the fact that the agents of selection driving the evolution of bracts vary between species and even between different developmental stages within a species, and selection by one agent can be reinforced or opposed by other agents. In summary, our survey of the literature reveals that bracts are multifunctional and subject to multiple agents of selection. To understand fully the functional and evolutionary significance of bracts, it is necessary to consider multiple selection agents throughout the life of the plant, using integrative approaches to data collection and analysis.

show abstract

Section: Pollinator Attractionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Pollinator Attractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protection From Herbivoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pollinator Attractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protection From Herbivoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Multifunctionality of angiosperm floral bracts: a review

Song,

Chen,

Lev‐Yadun

et al. 2024

Biological Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A CC‐NB‐ARC‐LRR Gene Regulates Bract Morphology in Cotton

Yan,

Si,

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bracts are leaf‐like structures in flowering plants. They serve multiple functions such as attracting pollinators, aiding tolerance of abiotic stressors, and conducting photosynthesis. While previous studies extensively examine bract function, the molecular mechanisms underlying bract growth remain unknown. Here, the map‐based isolation and characterization of a crucial factor responsible for cotton bract development, identified from a mutant known as frego bract (fg), discovered by Frego in 1945 are presented. This gene, named Ghfg, encodes a CC‐NB‐ARC‐LRR (CNL) family protein. Through analysis of bract form in plants with virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) and transgenic plants, this gene is confirmed to be the causal gene under the fg locus. Furthermore, high‐resolution single‐cell transcriptomic landscape of cotton bracts is generated, which reveals differences related to auxin in proliferating cells from TM‐1 and T582; differences in auxin distribution and ROS accumulation are experimentally verified. These findings suggest that GhFG is in a self‐activated state in the fg mutant, and its activity leads to ROS accumulation that impacts auxin distribution and transport. Finally, an island cotton variety with the frego bract trait is developed, demonstrating a novel solution for reducing the high impurity rate caused by bract remnants.

show abstract

Pollinator sharing and hybridization in a pair of dioecious figs sheds light on the pathways to speciation

Huang,

Fungjanthuek,

Chen

et al. 2023

Evolution Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The dynamics and processes underlying the codiversification of plant–pollinator interactions are of great interest to researchers of biodiversity and evolution. Cospeciation is generally considered a key process driving the diversity of figs and their pollinating wasps. Groups of closely related figs pollinated by separate wasps occur frequently and represent excellent opportunities to study ongoing diversification in this textbook mutualism. We study two closely related sympatric dioecious figs (Ficus heterostyla and Ficus squamosa) in Xishuangbanna, southwest China, and aim to document what is likely to be the final stages of speciation between these species using a combination of trait data and experimental manipulation. Volatile profiles at the receptive phase, crucial for attracting pollinators, were analyzed. In total, 37 and 29 volatile compounds were identified from receptive F. heterostyla and F. squamosa figs, respectively. Despite significant interspecific dissimilarity, 25 compounds were shared. Ovipositor lengths lie well within range required for access to heterospecific ovules, facilitating hybridization. Cross introduction of wasps into figs was conducted and hybrid seeds were generated for all donor/recipient combinations. F. heterostyla wasps produce adult offspring in F. squamosa figs. While F. squamosa wasps induce gall development in F. heterostyla figs and their offspring fail to mature in synchrony with their novel host. We record limited geographic barriers, minimal volatile dissimilarity, compatible morphology, complementary reproductive phenologies, and the production of hybrid seeds and wasp offspring. These findings suggest ongoing wasp specialization and reproductive isolation, potentially applicable to other related fig species.

show abstract

The roles of the ostiole in the fig-fig wasp mutualism from a morpho-anatomical perspective

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Multifunctionality of angiosperm floral bracts: a review

Multifunctionality of angiosperm floral bracts: a review

A CC‐NB‐ARC‐LRR Gene Regulates Bract Morphology in Cotton

Pollinator sharing and hybridization in a pair of dioecious figs sheds light on the pathways to speciation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About