The Room Temperature Fluorescence Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Petroleum and Related Materials

Kershaw, John R.; Fetzer, John C.

doi:10.1080/10406639508009628

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These findings are inconsistent with the data obtained by Kershaw [8,9], which indicates that an increase in the duration of the isothermal hold for petroleum residues is a accompanied by a steady increase in fluorescence…”

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confidence: 78%

Change in the Molecular Structure of Components of Isotropic Fractions of Petroleum Pitches in the Thermopolycondensation Process

Mukhamedzyanova

Lebedev

Чувыров

et al. 2013

Chem Technol Fuels Oils

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The effect of heat-treatment temperature and time on the mesophase formation process in the thermopolycondensation of isotropic petroleum pitch is studied by fluorescence and UV spectroscopy.The molecular structure of the basic components of isotropic petroleum pitch fractions is established. It is shown that UV spectroscopy is ineffective for analysis of multicomponent oil systems, whereas fluorescence spectroscopy allows study of the mechanism of molecular transformations in the mesophase petroleum pitch conversion process.The thorough processing of petroleum entails the effective use of the relatively high-aromatic residual and heavy distillate products. These products are hydrocarbons and heteroatomic compounds, and they are used to make carbon-based materials: carbon fibers, electrocarbon products, metallurgical coke, briquetted coals and cokes, and lacquers. The production of high-modulus carbon fibers (CFs) from anisotropic petroleum pitches also remains an important area of activity.Although technologies for making CFs from petroleum pitch have been introduced on an industrial scale, some very important details of these processes are still not yet understood. This lack of understanding stems from the multicomponent nature of the pitch system and the complexity of the reactions which take place in it during heat treatment. The thermopolycondensation of petroleum residues leads to the formation of a reactive mass of large polycyclic aromatic molecules capable of forming ordered aggregates connected to one another by van der Waals forces; the system subsequently undergoes a phase transformation to the liquid-crystalline state.Without an understanding of the chemical and physico-chemical principles that underlie the complex transformations of the initial compounds into carbon-based materials, it is impossible to control the pyrolytic transformations and develop technologies that are optimum [1][2][3].

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confidence: 78%

Change in the Molecular Structure of Components of Isotropic Fractions of Petroleum Pitches in the Thermopolycondensation Process

Mukhamedzyanova

Lebedev

Чувыров

et al. 2013

Chem Technol Fuels Oils

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“…Fluorescence methods have also been used to analyze for speci c components of petro-leum products that have high environmental impact such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 13 High-power laser excitation when coupled to uorescence spectrometers has enabled the developm ent of remote uorosensors capable of m easuring both emission intensity 14 and uorescence lifetimes of crude oils on sea surfaces. 15,16 The uorescence behavior of petroleum oils is based on their chemical and physical composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Crude Oils by Fluorescence Lifetime and Steady State Measurements Using 380-nm Excitation

Ryder

2002

Appl Spectrosc

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Fluorescence emission and lifetime spectroscopy using 380-nm excitation have been successfully applied to the determination of API gravity and aromatic concentration of crude petroleum oils. Twelve crude oils from the North Sea with American Petroleum Institute (API) gravities of between 20 and 50 were analyzed; emission spectra were obtained with a standard fluorometer and the lifetime data with a pulsed ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) coupled to a fluorescence lifetime system assembled in-house. A strong correlation between API gravity and the ratio of the fluorescence intensities recorded at 650 nm and 450 nm yielded a partial least-squares (PLS) regression model with an accurcy of ±4.6 °API; using the fluorescence intensity ratio at 650 nm and 550 nm gave an accuracy of ±5.8 °API. The average fluorescence lifetimes (τ̄) of the oils ranged from 1.9 to 18.6 ns, with τ̄ first increasing and then decreasing as the emission wavelength increased. These effects are due to the interplay between energy transfer and the quenching processes, which are governed by oil composition. A strong linear correlation was found between the ratio of the fluorescence lifetime measured at 650 nm and 550 nm and the aromatic concentration. A PLS regression model using this ratio had an accuracy of ±4% for aromatic concentration. Combining the fluorescence intensity with the lifetime measurements at 550 nm and 650 nm provides a rapid, quantitative, non-contact, nondestructive method of oil characterization.

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“…Polycyclic organic contaminants are a major concern, but are not detected by standard sensors. However, many of these compounds are fluorescent allowing their detection at very low concentrations by fluorescence spectroscopy (Kershaw andFetzer, 1995, Baker 2002). The purpose of this chapter is to summarise our exploration of fluorescence spectroscopy as a screening and continuous monitoring tool, with a focus on the Thames River and Medway Creeks in London, Ontario.…”

Section: Contaminant Sampling Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Spectroscopy as a Screening Tool and Continuous Monitor for Urban Water Quality

Smart

Simpson

Joyce

2004

JWMM

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The fluorescence spectrum of water samples can be readily measured to identifY the presence of many natural and anthropogenic organic compounds. Water samples from storm drains, creeks and seeps along the Thames River in London, Ontario, contained gasoline, undifferentiated P AHs, sewage and fluorescent dyes. Some sites showed consistent spectra, others were highly variable. Time series of samples and continuous records show that fluorescence varies in response to runoff and human activities. The spatial and temporal variability of water quality indicates that analysis of a limited number of discrete, point water samples is unlikely to characterise real contamination patterns. Temporal and spatial variability require greater attention.

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The Room Temperature Fluorescence Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Petroleum and Related Materials

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Change in the Molecular Structure of Components of Isotropic Fractions of Petroleum Pitches in the Thermopolycondensation Process

Change in the Molecular Structure of Components of Isotropic Fractions of Petroleum Pitches in the Thermopolycondensation Process

Quantitative Analysis of Crude Oils by Fluorescence Lifetime and Steady State Measurements Using 380-nm Excitation

Fluorescence Spectroscopy as a Screening Tool and Continuous Monitor for Urban Water Quality

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