The Ry_sto immune receptor recognises a broadly conserved feature of potyviral coat proteins

Abstract

Summary Knowledge of the immune mechanisms responsible for viral recognition is critical for understanding durable disease resistance and successful crop protection. We determined how potato virus Y (PVY) coat protein (CP) is recognised by Rysto, a TNL immune receptor. We applied structural modelling, site‐directed mutagenesis, transient overexpression, co‐immunoprecipitation, infection assays and physiological cell death marker measurements to investigate the mechanism of Rysto–CP interaction. Rysto associates directly with PVY CP in planta that is conditioned by the presence of a CP central 149 amino acids domain. Each deletion that affects the CP core region impairs the ability of Rysto to trigger defence. Point mutations in the amino acid residues Ser125, Arg157, and Asp201 of the conserved RNA‐binding pocket of potyviral CP reduce or abolish Rysto binding and Rysto‐dependent responses, demonstrating that appropriate folding of the CP core is crucial for Rysto‐mediated recognition. Rysto recognises the CPs of at least 10 crop‐damaging viruses that share a similar core region. It confers immunity to plum pox virus and turnip mosaic virus in both Solanaceae and Brassicaceae systems, demonstrating potential utility in engineering virus resistance in various crops. Our findings shed new light on how R proteins detect different viruses by sensing conserved structural patterns.

Rychc Confers Extreme Resistance to Potato virus Y in Potato

“…In plants, Ry sto interacts directly with PVY CP and the correct folding of the CP pore is essential for interactions. The Ry sto can recognize the CPs of a minimum of 10 important viruses with a similar core region and enable Solanaceae and Brassicaceae resistance against the plum pox virus and turnip mosaic virus [ 2 , 17 ]. The Ry chc on Chromosome IX from the wild species S. chacoense has not been cloned.…”

Innovative Arylimidazole‐Fused Phytovirucides via Carbene‐Catalyzed [3+4] Cycloaddition: Locking Viral Cell‐To‐Cell Movement by Out‐Competing Virus Capsid‐Host Interactions

“…[ 32 ] The properties of host factors involved in the cell‐to‐cell trafficking of potyviruses and their interaction with CP are gradually being revealed. [ 33 ] Wherein DnaJ‐like proteins from tobacco, named NtCPIPs, are mainly involved in the intercellular movement of viruses and lead to the effective diffusion of PVY in host plants after interacting with CP. Meanwhile, mutations in the core region of CP abolish its interactions with NtCPIPs.…”

The Arabidopsis WRR4A and WRR4B paralogous NLR proteins both confer recognition of multiple Albugo candida effectors

“…Previous studies on tomato and rice NLRs Xo1 and Bs4 have shown that the recognition of closely related TAL effectors can involve their structural similarity rather than their transcriptional activity (Schornack et al ., 2006 ; Triplett et al ., 2016 ). Also, a recent study on recognition by the TIR–NLR Ry sto showed that structurally conserved features in the coat protein of multiple potyviruses trigger its activation (Grech‐Baran et al ., 2022 ).…”