The Safety of Cruciferous Plants in Humans: A Systematic Review

Scott, Olive; Galicia-Connolly, Elaine; Adams, Denise; Surette, Soleil; Vohra, Sunita; Yager, Jerome Y.

doi:10.1155/2012/503241

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, because other organs do not accumulate isothiocyanates and cannot reach such high concentrations as the bladder, toxicity is a possibility when attempting to achieve high enough concentrations for chemopreventive effects in these organs. Overall cruciferous plants at usual intake appear to be safe in humans with the exception of allergies and with special precaution taken by those taking blood‐thinning medications such as Warfarin …”

Section: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Of Isothiocyanates And Bladder mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cruciferous Vegetables, Isothiocyanates, and Bladder Cancer Prevention

Abbaoui

Lucas

Riedl

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bladder cancer is a significant health burden due to its high prevalence, risk of mortality, morbidity, and high cost of medical care. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that diets rich in cruciferous vegetables, particularly broccoli, are associated with lower bladder cancer risk. Phytochemicals in cruciferous vegetables, such as glucosinolates, which are enzymatically hydrolyzed to bioactive isothiocyanates, are possible mediators of an anticancer effect. In vitro studies have shown inhibition of bladder cancer cell lines, cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis by these isothiocyanates, in particular sulforaphane and erucin. Although not yet completely understood, many mechanisms of anticancer activity at the steps of cancer initiation, promotion, and progression have been attributed to these isothiocyanates. They target multiple pathways including the adaptive stress response, phase I/II enzyme modulation, pro-growth, pro-survival, pro-inflammatory signaling, angiogenesis, and even epigenetic modulation. Multiple in vivo studies have shown the bioavailability of isothiocyanates and their antitumoral effects. Although human studies are limited, they support oral bioavailability with reasonable plasma and urine concentrations achieved. Overall, both cell and animal studies support a potential role for isothiocyanates in bladder cancer prevention and treatment. Future studies are necessary to examine clinically relevant outcomes and define guidelines on ameliorating the bladder cancer burden.

show abstract

Section: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies Of Isothiocyanates And Bladder mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cruciferous Vegetables, Isothiocyanates, and Bladder Cancer Prevention

Abbaoui

Lucas

Riedl

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…estimated daily intake), origin of the food, modes of production and known differences from other food items that could be used for comparison, Eventually, toxicity testing in animal studies would be performed (see Howlett et al 2003 for more details). Thus, even though according to a systematic literature review Brassicaceae are generally considered safe for humans (Scott et al 2012), it would be a long way before leaves of Zn hyperaccumulating plants or powder derived from such leaves could be adopted as food ingredients. The path would be much shorter if underutilized Brassicaceae or other vegetable crops can be identified that have a history of use as part of the diet anywhere in the world and show strong Zn accumulation in leaves below the hyperaccumulation range.…”

Section: Possible Practical Usages Of Zn Hyperaccumulators For Bioformentioning

confidence: 99%

How metal hyperaccumulating plants can advance Zn biofortification

Clemens

2016

Plant Soil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Zn hyperaccumulating plants reach Zn concentrations in their leaves that are several hundredfold higher than the target values set for Zn-biofortified crops. Scope This extreme trait is relevant for Zn biofortification in various ways that are being discussed based on what is known about Zn hyperaccumulating plants.Conclusions First, Zn hyperaccumulation is the result of changes in metal homeostasis networks shared by all higher plants. It is not strictly dependent on high Zn levels in the soil. Thus, mechanistic insights gained from the study of Zn hyperaccumulators can support the breeding and engineering of Zn-biofortified crops. Second, certain plant families, the Brassicaceae in particular, appear to be genetically predispositioned to evolve enhanced Zn accumulation, suggesting the existence of intermediate species with elevated Zn concentrations in their leaves below the hyperaccumulation threshold or the potential to breed for such plants. This calls for extended screening especially among potential vegetable crops, ideally guided by knowledge about the at least partially convergent evolution of Zn hyperaccumulation. Third, the introduction of leafy vegetables with high Zn concentrations or even of Zn hyperaccumulator leaves into diets may represent a valid complementary biofortification approach.

show abstract

“…To our knowledge, the effect of SF on the efficacy of bioreductive anticancer prodrugs, especially PR-104, has not been investigated previously. SF is bioavailable in the colon [ 4 ] and eating cruciferous plants seems to have a high margin of safety [ 57 ], suggesting the combination of SF with PR-104 may promote efficacy. Further studies to evaluate the robustness and selectivity of the response in vivo are warranted, but not trivial in a model organism because biotransformation of PR-104 has been shown to differ in humans vs. rodents, consistent with rodents not expressing a homolog of AKR1C3 [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulforaphane Preconditioning Sensitizes Human Colon Cancer Cells towards the Bioreductive Anticancer Prodrug PR-104A

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemoprotective properties of sulforaphane (SF), derived from cruciferous vegetables, are widely acknowledged to arise from its potent induction of xenobiotic-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes. However, much less is known about the impact of SF on the efficacy of cancer therapy through the modulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes. To identify proteins modulated by a low concentration of SF, we treated HT29 colon cancer cells with 2.5 μM SF. Protein abundance changes were detected by stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture. Among 18 proteins found to be significantly up-regulated, aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), bioactivating the DNA cross-linking prodrug PR-104A, was further characterized. Preconditioning HT29 cells with SF reduced the EC50 of PR-104A 3.6-fold. The increase in PR-104A cytotoxicity was linked to AKR1C3 abundance and activity, both induced by SF in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was reproducible in a second colon cancer cell line, SW620, but not in other colon cancer cell lines where AKR1C3 abundance and activity were absent or barely detectable and could not be induced by SF. Interestingly, SF had no significant influence on PR-104A cytotoxicity in non-cancerous, immortalized human colonic epithelial cell lines expressing either low or high levels of AKR1C3. In conclusion, the enhanced response of PR-104A after preconditioning with SF was apparent only in cancer cells provided that AKR1C3 is expressed, while its expression in non-cancerous cells did not elicit such a response. Therefore, a subset of cancers may be susceptible to combined food-derived component and prodrug treatments with no harm to normal tissues.

show abstract

The Safety of Cruciferous Plants in Humans: A Systematic Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 69 publications

Cruciferous Vegetables, Isothiocyanates, and Bladder Cancer Prevention

Cruciferous Vegetables, Isothiocyanates, and Bladder Cancer Prevention

How metal hyperaccumulating plants can advance Zn biofortification

Sulforaphane Preconditioning Sensitizes Human Colon Cancer Cells towards the Bioreductive Anticancer Prodrug PR-104A

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About