The salinity tolerance of benthic invertebrates of the Aral Sea

Филиппов, А. П.; Komendantov, A. Yu.

doi:10.1007/bf02001494

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In our study, the variation primarily related to temperature and salinity, which both correlated negatively (r = −0.4, r = −0.39, N = 298, p < 0.01, respectively), to the size of cysts, and positively (r 2 = 0.6, p < 0.05) to female fecundity. Our results conform with several works that have shown that high salinity drastically affects species diversity worldwide (Filippov & Komendantov, 1996;Mayer, 2002), as well as the length of some 'Old World' species (Triantaphyllidis et al, 1997c). Some authors, however, did not report clear correlations between the size of cysts and salinity, while analysing various Artemia strains in their natural habitat (Scelzo & Voglar, 1980).…”

Section: Biometrysupporting

confidence: 95%

“…N = 8, p < 0.05 in M2) reaching up to 1400×10 3 ind m −3 (biomass = 51 mg l −1 ) in pond M3. This high biological performance that conforms with several studies showing close links between Artemia abundance and the salinity gradient (Filippov & Komendantov, 1996;Toumi et al, 2005;Elloumi et al, 2006), may also be ascribed to the stability over the year in the environmental factors of the pond due to the arid and semi-arid climate, and the strict operating conditions imposed by the company managers. The seasonal change in the density and biomass of A. salina was related to high water temperature and probably to the waning of the alga Dunaliella salina in summer ( fig.…”

Section: Artemia Salina Population Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 79%

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Correspondence of the Seasonal Patterns of the Brine Shrimp, Artemia Salina (Leach, 1819) (Anostraca) with Several Environmental Factors in an Arid Solar Saltern (Sfax, Southern Tunisia)

Guermazi¹,

Ayadi²,

Aleya³

2009

Crustac

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We investigated the correspondence of the seasonal patterns of Artemia salina with several environmental factors along a natural salinity gradient in four ponds (M1, M2, M3, and B1) located in the arid solar saltern of Sfax (southern Tunisia). The shape of the frontal knobs of males showed the dominance of the autochthonous species, A. salina. Artemia abundance and fecundity were assessed. Biometrics of A. salina stages were studied by comparing cyst size and body length. A. salina abundance displayed a clear seasonal and spatial variation. Abundance of live Artemia ranged between 0.25 × 10 3 and 1414 × 10 3 ind m −3 . The highest numbers were recorded in pond M3, as nauplii (771.8×10 3 ind m −3 corresponding to 31.8 g m −3 ). This resulted from low male and female numbers (34 and 17 × 10 3 ind m −3 , respectively). Artemia cysts were predominant (92.96% of total Artemia), and grouped in small (216 μm) and large (243 μm) sized cysts, which correlated negatively with temperature (r = −0.4, N = 294, p < 0.01) and salinity (r = −0.39, N = 294, p < 0.01), and positively with female fecundity (r = 0.6, p < 0.05). The large (270 μm) and small (216 μm) cysts suggested the presence of also the species A. parthenogenetica and A. franciscana in the saltern, respectively. Fecundity showed a summer-autumn distribution that correlated significantly (−0.6 and −0.9, N = 35, p < 0.01) with both temperature and salinity. A. salina performed best in M2 (more than 80 cysts per brood), at about 200 g l −1 and 26.8 • C, with gravid females representing 20%. A. salina from the Sfax solar saltern was unable to withstand extreme temperatures (35 • C), but tolerated extreme salinity (330 g l −1 ). Abundance, biometrics, and reproductive descriptors of A. salina appeared to be governed chiefly by temperature and salinity, the physical structure of the saltern, and food availability, such as the unicellular green alga, Dunaliella salina. Nauplii (mean length: 401 μm) from small-sized cysts encountered in the saltern might be a valuable food source for hatcheries of some small-mouthed marine fish. RÉSUMÉ La distribution spatio-temporelle d'Artemia salina couplée aux facteurs environnementaux a été étudiée dans quatre bassins de salinité croissante M1, M2, M3 et B1 de la saline de Sfax (Sud de Tunisie). La forme du lobe frontal des mâles d'Artemia montre la dominance de l'espèce autochtone A. salina. L'abondance, la fécondité et la biométrie des différents stades d'Artemia ont été estimées en comparant le diamètre des cystes et les longueurs des autres stades. L'abondance d'A. salina montre une nette variation spatio-temporelle. La densité d'Artemia varie entre 0,25×10 3 et 1,4×10 6 ind m −3 . La plus forte valeur est enregistrée au niveau du bassin M3, où les nauplii représentent 7,71 × 10 5 ind m −3 correspondant à une biomasse de l'ordre de 31,8 g m −3 . Par contre, le nombre des mâles et des femelles est faible avec 34 et 17 × 10 3 ind m −3 , respectivement. Les cystes d'Artemia prédominent (92,9% de l'abondance total), et ils sont repré...

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Section: Biometrysupporting

confidence: 95%

Section: Artemia Salina Population Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 79%

Correspondence of the Seasonal Patterns of the Brine Shrimp, Artemia Salina (Leach, 1819) (Anostraca) with Several Environmental Factors in an Arid Solar Saltern (Sfax, Southern Tunisia)

Guermazi¹,

Ayadi²,

Aleya³

2009

Crustac

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“…Caspiohydrobia is considered to be halophilic and usually should benefit from a salinity increase. According to some experimental studies (Filippov and Komendantov 1996), this gastropod is able to tolerate salinities as high as 80 ppt. Field investigations (Andreeva 1989) showed that Caspiohydrobia does not have any preference in respect of depth and shows little substrate specificity.…”

Section: Caspiohydrobiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in the Aral Sea, it is evident that these molluscs are extremely eurybiotic, capable of surviving in conditions of substantial fluctuation in respect of the lake level, salinity and other environmental factors. Experimental studies have shown that Aral Sea cockles are able to survive salinity as high as 60 ppt (Filippov and Komendantov 1996). Cerastoderma spp.…”

Section: Cerastodermamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ovata occurs elsewhere in the marine Black Sea and the brackish Sea of Azov (Starobogatov 1974, personal observation Riedel 2003 and in 1939, it was also introduced to the Caspian Sea. In the Aral Sea, A. ovata burrows deeply into different types of soft substrata and is able to cope with strongly diluted seawater as well as with high salinity conditions (Filippov and Komendantov 1996). This species can tolerate low oxygen content.…”

Section: Abramentioning

confidence: 99%

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The late Holocene mollusc fauna of the Aral Sea and its biogeographical and ecological interpretation

Filippov

Riedel

2009

Limnologica

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The Aral Sea, in 1960 the fourth largest lake on Earth, has since experienced a catastrophic environmental change, which appears to be mainly a result of human impact. Here, we attempt to add to a better understanding of environmental changes during the last millennium by using fossil mollusc assemblages obtained from 10 sediment cores, which were taken by gravity coring in 1991. The biogeographical analysis demonstrates that no endemic molluscs have existed in the Aral Sea during the last 1000 years. The investigated taxa are of Caspian and Palaearctic origin. The molluscan biodiversity is much lower than previously assumed and particularly low for such a large lake, indicating unstable ecological conditions during the period investigated. Using comparative ecological analyses of thanatocoenoses and stable isotope ratios in gastropod shells, we conclude that the main lake level changes of the last millennium were strong and abrupt, showing relative high stands at about 1300 AD and 1650 AD.

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Zooplankton distribution in four ponds of different salinity: a seasonal study in the solar salterns of Sfax (Tunisia)

Toumi¹,

Ayadi²,

Abid³

et al. 2005

Hydrobiologia

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The seasonal distribution of metazooplankton and large-sized ciliates was studied in four ponds of different salinity in the solar salterns of Sfax (Tunisia). Total zooplankton abundance varied from 1 · 10 3 to 4.7 · 10 6 ind m )3 . Salinity had a negative effect on the abundance of copepods and rotifers which were absent in the pond with the highest salt concentration (180&) in which the number of taxa was low and Artemia or the ciliate Fabrea largely dominated the zooplankton community. Temperature and the presence of Dunaliella salina as prey appeared as key factors in controlling the abundance of Artemia, while organic detritus appeared as important in the diet of Fabrea. Change in zooplankton species composition along the hypersaline gradient (40-90&) was primarily related to salinity. However, our data suggest the importance of both the abundance and composition of food in the spatial and temporal variations of some zooplankton species.

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The salinity tolerance of benthic invertebrates of the Aral Sea

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Correspondence of the Seasonal Patterns of the Brine Shrimp, Artemia Salina (Leach, 1819) (Anostraca) with Several Environmental Factors in an Arid Solar Saltern (Sfax, Southern Tunisia)

Correspondence of the Seasonal Patterns of the Brine Shrimp, Artemia Salina (Leach, 1819) (Anostraca) with Several Environmental Factors in an Arid Solar Saltern (Sfax, Southern Tunisia)

The late Holocene mollusc fauna of the Aral Sea and its biogeographical and ecological interpretation

Zooplankton distribution in four ponds of different salinity: a seasonal study in the solar salterns of Sfax (Tunisia)

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