The Salivary Microbiota, Cytokines, and Metabolome in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Are Altered and More Proinflammatory than Those in Healthy Controls

Lv, Longxian; Jiang, Huiyong; Ren, Yan; Xu, Danyi; Wang, Kaicen; Wang, Qiangqiang; Chen, Xiaoxiao; Li, Lanjuan

doi:10.1128/msystems.01173-20

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We found that B94 pretreatment reduced the excretion of potentially beneficial metabolites in the faeces caused by D-galactosamine. For example, 5-aminovaleric acid is an analogue of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which has been reported to inhibit GABA uptake and GABA aminotransferase activity ( Lv et al., 2021c ). L-methionine, an essential amino acid, is not only involved in protein synthesis but is also the main source of methyl groups in methyl transfer reactions and has important physiological functions, such as inhibition of fat accumulation and enhancement of the immune response ( Shim et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect and Mechanism of Bifidobacterium animalis B94 in the Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury in Rats

Zhang

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis B94 on the prevention and treatment of liver injury in rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of this relationship.MethodsSpecific pathogen-free (SPF) rats were selected as the healthy control group, liver injury group and B94 treatment group, with 6 rats in each group. After the model was established, the experimental animals were tested for serum liver function indicators, gut microbiota composition, metabolite composition, and histopathology.ResultsThe albumin/globulin ratio and serum TBA, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and indirect bilirubin levels in the B94 treatment group were significantly lower than those in the liver injury group. 16S rRNA analysis showed that the gut microbiota of the three groups of rats were significantly different. Metabolic profile analysis showed that there were significant differences in the gut metabolomes of the three groups. Haematoxylin–eosin staining of the intestinal mucosa and liver tissues showed that the degree of liver and intestinal tissue damage in the B94 treatment group was significantly lower than that in the liver injury group.ConclusionBifidobacterium animalis B94 can affect the process of liver injury in rats by improving liver function, reducing intestinal damage, and regulating gut microbiota and metabolite production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect and Mechanism of Bifidobacterium animalis B94 in the Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury in Rats

Zhang

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…2-Aminomalonic acid, which has been connected to protein oxidation, was also shown to be elevated in urinary levels in anxiety (Chen et al, 2018) and serum levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (Xue et al, 2008). It has been shown to be a constituent of saliva that increased in ankylosing spondylitis (Lv et al, 2021b) and primary biliary cancer (PBC) patients (Lv et al, 2021a) along with changes in the oral microbiota. A correlation between salivary levels of 2-aminomalonic acid and cytokines were observed in PBC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of short-term use of FFP2 mask on salivary metabolome of young healthy volunteers: A pilot study.

Islam

Prusty

Dutta

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Use of face mask has become an integral part of public life in the post-pandemic era. However, the understanding of the effect of wearing mask on physiology remains incomplete and is required for informing public health policies. Earlier studies indicated changes in breath and blood gas composition upon wearing FFP2 mask. For the first time, we report analysis of the effect of wearing FFP2 mask on metabolic composition of saliva, a proximal matrix to breath. Un-induced saliva was collected from healthy volunteers (n =10) before and after wearing FFP2 mask for 30 minutes and analyzed. Results showed that such short-term mask use did not cause any significant change in heart rate, pulse rate and SpO2. The individuality of overall salivary metabotype was found to be robust and unaffected by mask use. There were marginal increases in relative abundances of L-fucose, 5-aminovaleric acid, putrescine, phloretic acid and benzenepropionic acid. Results indicated that while there were no adverse changes in physiological parameters and salivary metabotype, mask use was associated with changes in microbial metabolic activity. Consequences of such changes remain to be examined. However, these might explain change in odour perception that was reported to be associated with mask use.

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“…The reaction conditions comprised 30 s at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of 5 s at 95°C and 34 s at 56°C, followed by 15 s at 95°C, 1 min at 60°C and 15 s at 95°C. qPCR calibration curves were constructed using linearized plasmid standards harbouring inserts of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as previously described ( 19 , 20 ). Sample DNA was analysed in duplicate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample DNA was analysed in duplicate. The 16S rDNA copies in the saliva obtained by qPCR were converted to bacterial numbers based on the ratio of the 16S rDNA copies of ATCC 25922 obtained by qPCR to the numbers of ATCC 25922 copies obtained by culture using the same amount of bacterial cells as described previously ( 19 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Salivary Microbiota of Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis Is Distinctive and Pathogenic

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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The role of host-microbiota interactions in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) has received increased attention. However, the impact of PBC on the oral microbiota and contribution of the oral microbiota to PBC are unclear. In this study, thirty-nine PBC patients without other diseases and 37 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled and tested for liver functions and haematological variables. Saliva specimens were collected before and after brushing, microbiota was determined using 16S rDNA sequencing, metabolomics was profiled using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS), 80 cytokines were assayed using biochips, and inflammation inducibility was evaluated using OKF6 keratinocytes and THP-1 macrophages. Finally, the effect of ultrasonic scaling on PBC was estimated. Compared with HCs, PBC saliva had enriched taxa such as Bacteroidetes, Campylobacter, Prevotella and Veillonella and depleted taxa such as Enterococcaceae, Granulicatella, Rothia and Streptococcus. PBC saliva also had enriched sCD163, enriched metabolites such as 2-aminomalonic acid and 1-dodecanol, and depleted metabolites such as dodecanoic acid and propylene glycol. sCD163, 4-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid and 2-aminomalonic acid were significantly correlated with salivary cytokines, bacteria and metabolites. Salivary Veillonellaceae members, 2-aminomalonic acid, and sCD163 were positively correlated with liver function indicators such as serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). PBC salivary microbes induced more soluble interleukin (IL)-6 receptor α (sIL-6Rα), sIL-6Rβ and tumour necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF)13B from OKF6 keratinocytes, and PBC salivary supernatant induced more IL-6, IL-10, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)13, C-X-C motif chemokine (CXC)L1 and CXCL16 from THP-1 macrophages. Toothbrushing significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α and harmful metabolites such as cadaverine and putrescine in PBC but not HC saliva after P‐value correction. The levels of ALP and bilirubin in PBC serum were decreased after ultrasonic scaling. Together, PBC patients show significant alterations in their salivary microbiota, likely representing one cause and treatment target of oral inflammation and worsening liver functions.

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The Salivary Microbiota, Cytokines, and Metabolome in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Are Altered and More Proinflammatory than Those in Healthy Controls

Abstract: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) affects as much as 0.32% of the population in some districts and causes work disability in one-third of these patients. Microbes are considered to play important roles in AS pathogenesis, and the mouth links the environment to the lungs and the gut.

Cited by 15 publications

References 54 publications

Effect and Mechanism of Bifidobacterium animalis B94 in the Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury in Rats

Effect and Mechanism of Bifidobacterium animalis B94 in the Prevention and Treatment of Liver Injury in Rats

Effect of short-term use of FFP2 mask on salivary metabolome of young healthy volunteers: A pilot study.

The Salivary Microbiota of Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis Is Distinctive and Pathogenic

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