The salt debate—More salacious than salubrious

Satin, Morton

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2011.05.003

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Despite this, the USDA and Institute of Medicine have recommended that the adult population reduce daily sodium intake to 2,300 mg (or 1,500 mg for salt-sensitive hypertensives) in an attempt to reduce hypertension and related disorders. As hypothesized by Satin [64], should we expect a robust elevation in RAS-dependent pathologies (including metabolic disorders) across our population as these dietary changes are forced upon us? Clearly, understanding the role of the RAS in metabolic regulation is more important than ever.…”

Section: Balancing Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risksmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Americans have consumed approximately 3,500 mg of sodium per day for at least the last half-century, down from intakes approaching 20 grams per day before the widespread use of refrigeration for food storage [5, 64]. In humans, daily sodium intakes less than 3,000 mg result in significant elevations in RAS activity [2].…”

Section: Balancing Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic rate regulation by the renin–angiotensin system: brain vs. body

Grobe

Rahmouni

Liu

2012

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Substantial evidence supports a role for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the regulation of metabolic function, but an apparent paradox exists where genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the RAS occasionally have similar physiological effects as chronic angiotensin infusion. Similarly, while RAS targeting in animal models has robust metabolic consequences, effects in humans are more subtle. Here we review the data supporting a role for the RAS in metabolic rate regulation and propose a model where the local brain RAS works in opposition to the peripheral RAS, thus helping to explain the paradoxically similar effects of RAS supplementation and inhibition. Selectively modulating the peripheral RAS or brain RAS may thus provide a more effective treatment paradigm for obesity and obesity-related disorders.

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Section: Balancing Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risksmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Balancing Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic rate regulation by the renin–angiotensin system: brain vs. body

Grobe

Rahmouni

Liu

2012

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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An Update on the Salt Wars—Genuine Controversy, Poor Science, or Vested Interest?

2013

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There is unequivocal evidence that increased sodium intake is associated with increased blood pressure, and that increased blood pressure leads to increased risk of vascular diseases. Unfortunately, the published evidence directly linking sodium intake to vascular risk is inconsistent and confusing. This review, emphasising recent developments in national and international settings, considers why this is the case and how vested interests - particularly the food industry - have exploited the vacuum. We argue that legislation is the only tool that is likely to reverse the current situation wherein many millions of lives are put at risk through an unnecessary dietary additive, the reduction of which would be eminently feasible and have no conceivable disadvantage to health.

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Should we eat less salt?

Delahaye

2013

Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases

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High blood pressure is a major cardiovascular risk factor. There is overwhelming evidence that high salt consumption is a major cause of increased blood pressure. There is also a link between high salt consumption and risk of stroke, left ventricular hypertrophy, renal disease, obesity, renal stones and stomach cancer. Reducing salt consumption leads to a decrease in blood pressure and the incidence of cardiovascular disease. There are no deleterious effects associated with reducing salt consumption and it is also very cost-effective. Many organizations and state governments have issued recommendations regarding the suitable amount of salt consumption. In France, the objective is a salt consumption<8g/day in men and<6.5g/day in women and children. As 80% of consumed salt comes from manufactured products in developed countries, reduction of salt consumption requires the participation of the food industry. The other tool is consumer information and education. Salt consumption has already decreased in France in recent years, but efforts must continue.

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The salt debate—More salacious than salubrious

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Metabolic rate regulation by the renin–angiotensin system: brain vs. body

Metabolic rate regulation by the renin–angiotensin system: brain vs. body

An Update on the Salt Wars—Genuine Controversy, Poor Science, or Vested Interest?

Should we eat less salt?

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